Tag: Process

  • Ultrathin organic solar cell is efficient and durable

    Ultrathin organic solar cell is efficient and durable

    Scientists from the RIKEN, in collaboration with international partners, have succeeded in creating an ultrathin organic solar cell that is both highly efficient and durable. Using a simple post-annealing process, they created a flexible organic cell that degrades by less than 5 percent over 3,000 hours in atmospheric conditions and that simultaneously has an energy conversion ratio—a key indicator of solar cell performance—of 13 percent.

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  • ‘Internet of things’ could be an unseen threat to elections

    ‘Internet of things’ could be an unseen threat to elections

    The app failure that led to a chaotic 2020 Iowa caucus was a reminder of how vulnerable the democratic process is to technological problems—even without any malicious outside intervention. Far more sophisticated foreign hacking continues to try to disrupt democracy, as a rare joint federal agency warning advised prior to Super Tuesday. Russia’s attempt to interfere in the 2016 election has already revealed how this could happen: social media disinformation, email hacking and probing of voter registration systems.

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  • The unfoldable bridge

    The unfoldable bridge

    There are many different methods for erecting bridges—but the new technique developed by TU Wien, the balanced lowering method, is quite spectacular: the bridge is not built horizontally, as would normally be case, but erected in a vertical position and then rotated into the horizontal position. The first large scale tests were carried out in 2010; since then, the method has been refined and tuned until finally finding its first application by the ASFINAG for two bridges of the Fürstenfeld Motorway S7. With the erection process successfully completed for the Lahnbach Bridge, the 116 m long bridge over the Lafnitz was “unfolded” on the 27th of February 2020. With no scaffolding needed, this new bridge construction method not only saves time but also money and resources.

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  • Guideline on parent training to prevent child maltreatment and promote the positive development of children aged 0-17 years

    WHO is developing a guideline on parent training to prevent child maltreatment and promote the positive development of children aged 0-17 years. Part of the guideline development process involves constitution of a Guideline Development Group (GDG) which
    should represent a broad spectrum of perspectives, constituencies, and relevant expertise. The biographies of individuals proposed for membership of the GDG are provided below for public review and comment. Any comment or concern about the individuals
    listed should be sent to Dr Alexander Butchart (butcharta@who.int).

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    https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/01-03-2020-guideline-on-parent-training-to-prevent-child-maltreatment-and-promote-the-positive-development-of-children-aged-0-17-years

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  • AI and machine learning help scientists understand human face recognition

    AI and machine learning help scientists understand human face recognition

    Scientists from Salk Institute (U.S.), Skoltech (Russia), and the Riken Center for Brain Science (Japan) investigated a theoretical model of how populations of neurons in the visual cortex of the brain may recognize and process faces and their expressions, and how they are organized. The research was recently published in Neural Computation and highlighted on its cover.

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  • Satellite design applied to superyacht

    Satellite design applied to superyacht

    Dutch shipbuilder Royal Huisman applied the same concurrent engineering process developed by ESA for space missions to the design of superyacht Sea Eagle II, due to become the world’s largest aluminum sailing yacht when delivered to its owner this spring.

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  • Researchers propose high-density surface electromyography technique for automatic speech recognition

    Researchers propose high-density surface electromyography technique for automatic speech recognition

    Verbal communication is an important way to engage in social interactions. The normal speaking process requires coordinated contractions of a mass of articulatory muscles on the face and neck.

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  • Four countries in the African region license vaccine in milestone for Ebola prevention

    The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Burundi, Ghana and Zambia have licensed an Ebola vaccine, just 90 days after World Health Organization (WHO) prequalification. Registration of the vaccine is expected in additional countries in the coming weeks.

    The licensing of the vaccine means that the manufacturer can stockpile and widely distribute this vaccine to African countries at risk of Ebola virus disease outbreaks. Once licensed doses are available, use of the vaccine will not require clinical trial or other research protocols.

    “The approval of the Ebola vaccine by these countries is another milestone in the fight against this unforgiving disease,” said WHO Director-General Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. “Africa has rallied to cement hard-fought progress to keep its people safe from Ebola.”

    WHO accelerated the licensing and roll-out of the Ebola vaccine by certifying that it met the organization’s standards for quality, safety and efficacy in its fastest vaccine prequalification process ever, announced in November 2019.

    The speed with which this has been achieved has been made possible by a different approach, where national licensing procedures were done in parallel based on one single scientific review process. Usually, these process are done one by one, which can take years. The process was led by WHO with the participation of the African Vaccine Regulatory Forum (an African network of national regulatory authorities and ethics committees), the European Medicines Agency, and Merck.

    “The rapid approval of the Ebola vaccine by countries in the Africa Region helps ensure this critical prevention tool will be available when and where it is needed most,” said Dr Matshidiso Moeti, WHO Regional Director for Africa. “This kind of collaboration and innovation is a model for other health priorities.”

    The injectable Ebola vaccine, Ervebo, is manufactured by Merck (known as MSD outside the US and Canada). Preliminary study results have shown a 97.5% vaccine efficacy. Data also suggests that vaccinating people who are already infected reduces their chances of dying.

    In response to the ongoing Ebola outbreak in the DRC, over 290 000 people have been vaccinated under compassionate use protocols. Once licensed doses are available, use of the vaccine in DRC will no longer require these protocols

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    https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/14-02-2020-four-countries-in-the-african-region-license-vaccine-in-milestone-for-ebola-prevention

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  • French carmaker PSA defies sales slowdown with record profits

    French carmaker PSA defies sales slowdown with record profits

    French car giant PSA Peugeot-Citroen, currently in the process of merging with rival Fiat Chrysler, said Wednesday it shook off a drop in sales to notch up record profits in 2019.

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