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Advantages of Online Doctor Consultation

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What will you do when you feel ill or suffer from any medical ailment? Without any second thought you will set an appointment to go all the way to the doctor’s office to sit and wait to get treated. Does it sound time-consuming? It is a well known fact that this is an internet age, where almost all the things are done online. Yes, today you don’t need to go to any clinic to see a doctor because an array of fully qualified licensed doctors is available online with whom you could make online appointments.

This service considerably plays an excellent role for those who pay too much care for basic medical issues such as athlete’s foot, bronchitis, sinusitis and many other simple illnesses. Using this service not just saves your time and money but also helps you to get acute medical issues treated. An online doctor is polite and friendly and encourages patients to ask questions about various health concerns and get their doubts clarified. Now, patients can stop making repeated visits to the doctor’s office for the treatment of acute simple conditions. The detailed consultation report and explanation helps the patients to understand clearly and work towards improving their health.

Some of the benefits of online doctor consultation are listed below:

• Alternatively, online medical consultation service is also known as “telemedicine service”. It serves as a great resource for those who have limited conveniences and who are too sick to leave the house to go to the clinic and visit the doctor. In this busy scheduled world, most of the people would be on the go and would be away from home. Therefore, they may find it difficult to fix an appointment with their desired specialists. Don’t worry! Now, you could schedule an appointment with your choice of specialists from the comfort of your home or any other places any time of the day.

• All the patients are valuable and receive the same care as they would get from the clinics. The dedicated professionals with ready access to state-of-the art online medical services render high quality care for the needy patients.

• Additionally, online medical consultations and prescriptions are available wherever you happen to have internet access and a computer or other internet-connecting device.

Most of the patients suffering from minor medical conditions such as cold, ear infections, insomnia, rashes, flu, etc show negligence in getting a proper treatment and in visiting a doctor (since it is a time-consuming process). Therefore they tend to keep delaying the essential health check. But now, an online doctor consultation service will make it easier for them to get these diseases treated.

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Source by Anitha Hari

Views: 0

July 28, 2022
Always Be in Money Making Mode!

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Every day you should be doing something to make money. Making money can become a habit, just like not making money. It is important that you cultivate and develop the money-making mindset.

If you have an email list send them valuable and information information on a regular basis. If you are creating content to get links back to your website, create it every day. Do something – an article, a press release, a video, a blog post or comment. Do it every day.

Do something every day to bring in money. Get obsessed and addicted to making money. Put your focus on making money, not TV and other non money making time wasters. Making money absolutely must become your new lifestyle.

If you truly want to be successful and make your living online it is time to sacrifice your normal time that’s dedicated to other things, and shift that time and focus to creating cash flow.

Start with where you are right now, start with the knowledge you have right now. Start with the resources and assets you have right now. Don’t wait until you know it all because you never will!

Your income is going to come from how much product/service you sell. You have to change your focus and how you use your time.

Full time marketers (or those who want to be full time marketers) focus their time and attention on “making money”… they focus on selling stuff. It’s not rocket science my friends.

Too many distributors spend their time on making changes to their website, changes that will have little effect on sales. Don’t get caught up in this. Stop worrying about making your store ‘pretty’ and trying to get everything perfect because you never will! I don’t care if you have only one product or 200 products… spend your time promoting what you have!

Focus on those things that will make you money like driving traffic to your website, building your list and selling to your list.

At the end of each day always ask yourself “What did I do today to make more money from my store?” Whether small or large always do something daily to make money. That is the reason you have your store, to make money.

If your store is to satisfy your Ego or impress others kill it right now and find a regular job!

Do whatever you can to get visitors to sign up on your list. Give your list members valuable and informative free stuff like written articles and reports, videos about your niche and videos on using your products, surveys… anything that bonds them to you. You give people FREE and valuable helpful information and they will reciprocate by giving your orders.

Your long term GOLDEN GOOSE to making you tons of money online is building a huge email/newsletter list and making them loyal followers and then SELLING to them!

Like I said, it’s not rocket science people, it’s plain and simple BUSINESS! Now go and let making money dominate your thoughts 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and 365 days a year!

Godspeed… CoachDoug

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Source by Doug Allan Dammeier

Views: 0

July 28, 2022
Alternative Medicine – Shiatsu Massage

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The object of most massage is to relax and let stress melt away. In alternative medicine, shiatsu massage is actually used to align and balance the different meridians in the body, through specific pressure points. This practice of balancing the meridians makes it like acupuncture, but without needles. shiatsu is actually older than acupuncture.

A shiatsu massage differs from other types of massage in several ways. This type of massage originates in Japan. shiatsu actually means "finger pressure" in Japanese. The meridians that the shiatsu massage therapist focuses on are the pathways that bring energy, or "chi" into the body.

The massage is done on the floor, with the client lying on a mat or futon cushion. It is done fully clothed. The therapist does not use oil or lotions, so there is no need to take off your clothes to receive a shiatsu massage.

Unlike a traditional massage, the shiatsu massage therapist will ask the client to begin the massage lying on their back. They will then check the organs by pressing on them individually within the abdomen. While pressing, they are checking on the health and suppleness of the organs. The information they get from this analysis will instruct them on how to proceed with the massage.

After this evaluation is complete, the client will lie face down, while the shiatsu body work is done on the back of the body. The massage will usually end face up with a recheck of the organs. This will tell the therapist whether progress has been made, and indicate what to work on in the next session.

Although shiatsu means "finger pressure", there are actually a variety of techniques used during a massage session. You may experience rocking of the body, rotation of the limbs, and stretching of the limbs and muscles.

So, the shiatsu massage therapist is working to help you be relaxed, yes. But, the main objective of the massage is to work within your body's meridians to achieve balance and healing. Before beginning a career in shiatsu massage, the therapist will consult and memorize a meridian chart, which shows which body systems and organs are affected by certain meridians.

The main reason that this massage is done on the floor is that the shiatsu massage therapist will be using their whole body during the massage. This is in contrast to the average massage therapist, who uses a table and pressure from their hands to deliver the massage. It's common for the therapist to use their elbows, feet, and pressure from the whole body to treat the client.

This traditional form of massage has been considered to be "medicine" for many years by different cultures. It is not covered under health insurance, and is not proven to have curative qualities under today's definitions of modern medicine. So, it doesn't have scientific proof, but has stood the test of time. Many people rely on it today, and will continue using it to balance their chi.

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Source by Cat Harvey

Views: 0

July 28, 2022
Entrepreneurship Development

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Who is an entrepreneur?

An entrepreneur is someone who manages and organizes any form of business. Who has the capability to take initiatives, motivate others, work in a team, and become a leader. He is a man who starts his own venture not seeking for a job but providing many people a hope of life.

Why Entrepreneurship?

Entrepreneurship plays an important role in case of economic development of a country. A lot of problems of our country would be solved if people will start considering entrepreneurship as the first option for their career.

Employment:

One of the greatest problems of our country is “Unemployment”. Let’s see how entrepreneurship tackles with this problem.

Current employment opportunities can only cater 5 – 10 % of population. Entrepreneurs generate employment both directly and indirectly, directly by self employment as an entrepreneur and indirectly by starting many industrial units where they offer jobs to millions of people. Thus entrepreneurship is the best way to fight with the evil of unemployment.

National Income

National Income consists of the goods and services produced in the country. The goods and services produced are consumed within the country and can also be exported to other countries. The domestic demand increases with increase in population and increase in standard of living. The export demand also increases to meet the needs of growing imports due to various reasons. An increasing number of entrepreneurs are required to meet this increasing demand for goods and services. The manufacturing rate of any developed country lies between 60% – 70%. But unfortunately in our country this rate is below 40 %. If you want to become a great entrepreneur or want to do something for your motherland, become a manufacturer not just go for a service industry.

Dispersal of economic power:

Industrial development normally may lead to concentration of economic powers in a few hands. This concentration of power in a few hands has its own evils in the form of monopolies. Developing a large number of entrepreneurs helps in dispersing the economic power amongst the population. It may help in weakening the harmful effects of monopoly.

Better standard of living:

Entrepreneurs play a vital role in achieving a higher rate of economic growth. They are able to produce goods at lower cost and supply quality goods at lower price to the community according to their requirements. When the price of of the commodities decreases the consumers get the power to buy more goods for their satisfaction. There is a great demand of such entrepreneurs who can make this thought possible.

Creating solutions for society :

An entrepreneur is a person who creates solutions not only for the problems of his business but for the whole society. Entrepreneurs play a key role for innovations and creative ideas that solve different problems in the world with the efficient use of technology. What is needed? or desired should be created with appropriate use of technology. This gives a clear thought of “Creating solutions with technology!”

The benefits and needs of entrepreneurship is endless. The greatest demand of today’s world is simply “Be an Entrepreneur!” that will solve economic problems of your family, your society, your people and your country. Let’s create wealth,not just seek for a salary.

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Source by Mohammed Faizan Ansari

Views: 0

July 28, 2022
Importance of Evidence-Based Complementary Medicine
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The modern-day world has many challenges and thus good health is one of the greatest blessings in today’s era. For example, a rich man with a bad health will always be unsatisfied and unhappy! “Health is Wealth”. Improving your health is an opportunity that shouldn’t be missed. It is a fact that your health affects all the aspects of your life, be it professional, or personal. Probably that is the reason why evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine came into existence!

With increasing number of health-related apps and journals on the internet, you can now easily move towards a healthier lifestyle. Even the experts of medicine have admitted that the advice and products of work best when supplemented with a doctor’s standard care and supervision.

As the famous proverb suggests, “Prevention is better than cure” and evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine helps you achieve this goal. So, here are a few benefits that you might get if you follow an integrative healthcare protocol:
- It helps you in receiving specific treatment plans as per your physical requirements. As each individual has a unique body, it is not advisable to subscribe to a generalized treatment protocol. An effective biotyping assessment studies your inherited traits such as body frame, personality type, digestive capacity, metabolic activity, nutrigenomics, as well as environmental factors. In this way, it provides you with a personalized holistic Integrative healthcare medicine advice.
- It aims at examining and treating all the aspects of physical as well as emotional components. It is proven that daily stress negatively affects your emotions, biology and genetics. All this further results in greater risks of several chronic diseases such as cancer and heart disease!
- It offers a wide range of Natural Cure and Remedies so that you are not completely dependent on pharmaceuticals, many of which have side-effects. The food that you eat is one of the biggest reasons behind your healthy (or unhealthy) life! Following unhealthy food habits can result in an increase in the risk of heart conditions, high blood sugar, obesity, etc. So, what could be better than utilizing food as a medicine?
- It focuses on the prevention of diseases before it even occurs. While conventional medicines are prescribed for a lifetime for chronic disease, alternative medicine examines the root causes of the disease. It also encourages the patients to focus on preventing a disease by eating healthy foods, exercise, meditation, etc.
So, if you also wish to treat or prevent any disease with Natural Cure and Remedies, evidence-based complementary medicine is the key! After all, it’s never too late for improving your health.

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Source by Luke Harper

Views: 0
July 28, 2022
The Gay Solution (1): Finding a Loving Male Partner to Marry

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Sex without love wouldn't satisfy you for more than 15 minutes and love without sex wouldn't satisfy you at all. So how do you find both in the same man? That was the question I left you with in a previous article.

A friend of mine is a life-insurance broker. He always says that there is only one rule for survival in sales and that is see people, see people, and see people. It's a numbers game. Of all the people you are going to see only between 2 and 10% will buy from you, so the more you see, the better your sales. Meeting people is exactly the same; the more people you meet, the better your chance of meeting the right person. Luckily there are a few possibilities in meeting new people.

The older guys (read: even older than I am) tell us that they didn't have gay clubs, bars, or dating services so they had to refine their gaydar and flirting skills. The fact is that those skills are still just as valuable today as they were years ago. Another important skill is taking it one step at a time. Two types of guys never end up with a perfect match; those who fly off in a second, and those who never come out of the starting block. The guys that fly off are proposing marriage before they even know the other guy, and those in the starting blocks only stare evening in and evening out.

If you are a flyer you need to relax. Look for friends in stead of possible partners. Nothing is a bigger turn-off than a guy who hits on you after he has tried everybody else on his way to your table. Friendly people have a few good friends, many acquaintances, and two or three possible people they might be interested in. Guys who try to fly into serious relationships have no friends, one or two acquaintances, and the whole city as possible people they are interested in. The important thing you should learn from this is that you start by meeting lots of people, you will find a few very good friends among them, and in time you will meet somebody you are really interested in. Flyers always run the risk of getting their heart broken on a weekly basis. You can never keep up with who they are in love with – it changes every time you see them, and every month or two they try you yet again. That is when you decide to ignore them completely.

The guys who never take off are almost in the same position. They see a possibility every night, but they are too scared to do anything about it. They look a bit weird if they stand in a corner ogling everybody so you ignore them as well. They have a few acquaintances that turns into friends because they normally end up in a group of seekers – waiting for something that never happens. If you are in such a group get out and start building your self-esteem. If you do not think that you are good enough as a partner, nobody else will believe in you either.

With that in your mind go back to the gay clubs, gay bars, dating sites, and the gay section of your local bookstore – start by making friends, being a good friend, and enjoying friendship for its own rewards. Stay away from the friend-zone – that is the ogling bunch in the corner. You will do fine.

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Source by Brand Doubell

Views: 0

July 28, 2022
How Does ENERGY HEALING Help You Feel Better, Relieve Pain, and Assist Humans and Animals to Heal?
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We all live in overlapping fields of energies. These fields includes your physical body, your auric field (which consists of 6 additional bodies), electromagnetic fields that emanate from your organs and other body parts, and the energies of everyone and everything around us, including the earth.

Since everything is energy, including your consciousness, you might wonder how healing can ever happen without paying attention to the energy aspects of your bodies.

What Is Energy Healing?

Energy Healing is any healing method which helps restore and maintain the energy systems of your bodies by working directly with the energy of your bodies.

The term “energy healing” is used today for what has also been called “hands-on healing”, “spiritual healing”, “psychic healing”, and even “energy medicine.”

In energy healing, a wide variety of techniques can be used. Whatever techniques are used, they directly address the energetic levels of your bodies.

While tools such as stones and crystals, acupuncture needles, pendulums, singing bowls, and others can be part of a healing session, many practitioners use only their hands and their intention to facilitate a healing.

Clean, pure, love-filled energy (life force, prana, chi, ki) is made available to the bodies, while inappropriate energies are assisted to leave the bodies.

To be healthy and in balance, your energy must be able to flow freely, smoothly, and harmoniously.

What Can Disrupt the Energy of Your Bodies

Infection, injury, toxins, stress, too much or too little of any substance are all examples of events than can disrupt your bodies’ energies.

When you’re sick, it’s because the flow of energies has been disrupted, causing some areas to be jammed up with too much energy while others areas are depleted. The disruption can come from accidents, infections, emotional traumas, and many other stressful situations.

Several things can happen during an energy healing session to restore the smooth flow of energies. Here are some common examples.
- Disorganized and chaotic energy patterns become organized and harmonious.
- Blocked energy flows are unblocked.
- Sluggish energy flows are restored to normal speed.
- Depleted energy areas are assisted to regain a normal, healthy level of energy.
- Excesses of certain types of energy are reduced to normal.
- Disconnections between the spirit and body parts are reconnected.
- Communication breakdowns between body parts are restored.
- Energy that doesn’t belong is helped to leave the body.
- Repair the physical body’s etheric blueprint (template).
- Repair, balance, and harmonize the chakras.
Some examples of energies helped to leave are:
- viruses, fungus, bacteria.
- memory patterns of old injuries.
- memory patterns of weapons from this or past lives.
- emotions that haven’t been fully expressed.
These are just a few examples of what energy healing can address.

What Do Energy Healers Do?

Energy Facilitators support the body’s natural healing abilities.

Energy Healers facilitate the healing process, which is done by the bodies themselves. An Energy Healer is more accurately described as an Energy Facilitator. They do not actually heal the body. The body must heal itself.

The body, when functioning optimally, knows how to heal itself and how to restore balance. It wants to be in balance and harmony and good health.

What Are Some Benefits of Energy Healing?

Here are some of the benefits you may experience:
- Relief from physical/emotional pain and other symptoms.
- Feeling increased relaxation and calm.
- A reduction in your stress level.
- Feeling empowered to take charge of your healing process.
- A sense that your physical body is stronger or more able to cope with life’s challenges.
- A sense of well-being, comfort, integration, and wholeness.
- Feeling more at home in your body.
- Feeling more energized and more playful.
- Feeling more balanced and more grounded.
- Improved appetite; greater control over unwanted habits.
- Increased interest in life.
- Increased immune system function.
- Faster or more complete healing from illness, injuries, or surgery.
- A feeling of greater alignment with your I Am Presence.
- An opening to receive more Divine Love.
- A sense of greater connections with the Divine or with your I Am Presence.
- A feeling of greater alignment with your spiritual path.
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Source by Nedda Wittels

Views: 0
July 27, 2022
Dangerous Driving Habits

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Many of today’s drivers have dangerous driving habits. You do not have to travel far to see people driving with risky driving techniques. Dangerous driving habits can be observed on highways, on residential streets, and in parking lots. Dangerous driving habits are not only fraught with danger to the driver performing them, but to the public as well.

Everyone eventually crosses paths with a reckless driver! Many of us survive these encounters, but some do not. Dangerous drivers kill people and destroy property everyday. As a result, Insurance companies cite dangerous drivers as one of the main reasons for the skyrocketing cost of automobile insurance.

There are drivers from all age groups that have dangerous driving habits. Younger drivers can be dangerous drivers simply because they lack experience driving in various environments, such as driving at night, or driving on interstate highways. Older drivers are sometimes dangerous because their senses and reflexes are not as sharp as they once were.

Technology has also added to dangerous driving habits. Cell phones are now more popular than ever, many drivers have cell phones. While driving in town or on the highway, it is rare not to see someone driving while talking on his or her cell phone. Another dangerous driving habit is applying makeup while driving. Applying make-up while driving is thought to be a leading cause of accidents, and is completely irresponsible. One of the most common dangerous driving habits is eating while driving. Many drivers leave the drive through lane of their favorite restaurant and immediately pull onto a road while trying to eat and drink the food they just purchased. All of those bad habits can distract a driver from paying attention to other drivers on the road and being aware of road conditions.

There are many kinds of driving habits that are considered risky. Speeding is a very common driving habit that can lead to a disaster. Drivers that speed are engaging in reckless and impulsive behavior. It is especially dangerous to speed in residential neighborhoods where children and pets may be playing. Speeding drivers can also be dangerous in neighborhoods where homeowners in their vehicles are entering and exiting their driveways.

Another category of dangerous driving habits is failing to use turn signals. Proper use of turn signals can help prevent most accidents. Failing to use turn signals properly can increase the rate of accidents with other vehicles and pedestrians. Turn signals are simple devices that can give advance notice to other drivers about your driving intentions. It is unfortunate that failing to use such a simple device can cause so many tragedies in terms of lives and property damage. Road rage is a one of the consequences of failing to use turn signals. Many drivers become enraged when they barely escape an accident due to another driver failing to use a turn signal to notify them before changing lanes or making a turn.

Many dangerous driving habits are a result of over confidence. Drivers with years of experience sometimes become dangerous drivers because they are over confident with driving their particular vehicle, or a particular route between home and work. They are not prepared when something out of the ordinary occurs.

There is an old saying, “Good habits are as hard to break as bad habits.” If you have dangerous driving habits you can change them by applying good driving skills for a few weeks, after a few weeks many of these good driving techniques will become your new habits. You should practice watching for speed limit signs, and adjust your speed if necessary. If you practice using turns signals every time you make a turn or change lanes it will quickly become a habit. Developing good, safe driving habits may one day save your life or the life of someone close to you.

(c) 2006, Marcus Barber

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Source by Marcus Barber

Views: 0

July 27, 2022
The 2 Fatal Mistakes Online Business Owners Make With Customer Service

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Customer service can make or break your business, and that couldn’t be more true when it comes to an eCommerce business in particular. When someone comes to your website to make a purchase, you have to realize that they are choosing you over thousands of other stores on the web.

What are you going to do to not only close the deal, but make sure they are satisfied after the delivery?

Having excellent customer service will be key, but you have to avoid these two common mistakes to make sure you can keep your new customer coming back time and time again.

1. Not Being Accessible

People have issues trusting stores on the internet these days. With so many scams out there, you have to show that your company is a trustworthy source for whatever it is you happen to be selling. One of the ways you can do that is by making your customer service department very accessible.

This doesn’t just mean listing a phone number in the header, which instantly adds credibility, it also means having other options that you can be reached through, like live chat, email, and even social media. By making yourself accessible, you give people reassurance that you’ll be there should any problems arise with their order.

And, in today’s world where a lot of people don’t have the time to speak on the phone, live chat is definitely the way to go in most situations. Have a chat box automatically pop up on the website so people can get in touch with you without searching for a hidden “Contact Us” link.

2. Not Following Up

The second biggest mistake an online business can make when it comes to customer service is not following up with buyers after they have made a purchase. You should invest in an email list and autoresponder to make sure that every customer is emailed a “thank you” for their purchase email, a delivery confirmation, and then a follow-up email a few days later to see if they like what they are getting.

This follow-up email is also the ideal time to ask for a review, which can help boost your reputation even more. If they happen to be unsatisfied with the product, you greatly reduce the risk of chargebacks or returns just by offering to make it right for them up-front. Instead, you might be able to settle with store credit or an exchange.

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Source by Jon Allo

Views: 0

July 27, 2022
Journey of a Drug: Design to Market Seller
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Where do the medicines we take from chemists come from? How do the doctors know which drug is good for which disease? How the medicines really are able to cure a particular ailment they have been prescribed for? Do these questions come to your mind, whenever you buy any medicine?

Come, let us today know about the medicine development from the beginning …

The development of medicine is called a Clinical Research and has different Phases. Phases of the clinical research are the steps of experiments with a health intervention in an attempt to find enough evidence for a process which the scientists think would be helpful in medical treatment.

The pharmaceutical study starts its journey from a drug design and drug molecule discovery which further progresses into animal testing and then human studies to see the drug's effectiveness.

Drug undergoes many trials- Preclinical, Phase 0, Phase I, II, III and IV. Sometimes combined trials also are undertaken to reduce the time of development, like Phase I / II and II / III.

Pre-Clinical Study

When the drug molecule is identified, it undergoes many in vitro ( test tube or cell culture ) and in vivo ( animal ) experiments. These experiments are conducted to know the preliminary efficacy, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics of the various doses of the drug. Many drug molecules are designed at a time and these pre-clinical studies let the pharmaceutical companies decide which molecule has a greater potential in further studies.

Design of the Studies:

Trials are always conducted by following the set of steps, called the protocol, developed by the researchers to find the specific questions related to the medical product. Information from the prior studies become the base for the researchers to develop research questionnaire and objectives:
- Participant selection
- Number of participants
- Duration of the study
- Controlled or not
- How and what dosage will be given
- What and when the data will be collected
- Review and analysis time
Phase 0 Study

It is also called micro-dosing trials, 10-15 human subjects are taken and single sub-therapeutic doses are administered to gather the pharmacokinetic ( PK ) data of the drug. This enables the company in deciding to go or no go for the further development of the drug, based on more relevant human data instead of animal data.

Such trials exceed the speed of promising drug development by establishing whether or not the drug acts on humans as expected in pre-clinical studies.

After the company decides to take the molecule of the drug forward in development, it will have to submit the data of its preliminary studies to the FDA called Investigational New Drug ( IND ) application filing.

Phase I Study

Also called First-in-man studies as these are the first stage of human testing studies. These are the studies which are designed to determine the maximum dose that can be administered without showing adverse effects.

Contract Research Organizations ( CROs ) conduct such studies in the clinical trial clinics where medical staff provides full-time attention to 2-100 healthy subjects enrolled for the study and collects the data.

These studies determine the safety ( pharmacovigilance ), tolerability, pharmacokinetics ( PK ) and pharmacodynamics ( PD ) of the drug. The design of Phase I studies is dose-ranging also called dose escalation studies conducted in controlled clinics called Central Pharmacological Units ( CPUs ).

Usually, healthy subjects are hired but sometimes terminally ill patients like of cancer and HIV and also those who have already tried and failed to improve on existing medications.

There are two divisions for Phase I study:

Phase Ia: Single ascending dose

Phase Ib: Multiple ascending dose

Phase II Study

More than 100 diseased subjects are enrolled for a longer period study, to know the benefits of the drug along with its safety which includes genetic testing. These studies are also called as "Proof of Concept or Pilot" studies.

This is the phase when the drug's development can fail due to toxicity or less than expected results.

Two divisions of this phase are:

Phase IIa: Pilot study, to determine the clinical efficacy or the biological activity.

Phase IIb: Dose-finding study, to check the biological activity with minimal side-effects.

A combined trial determining the efficacy as well as toxicity are Phase I / II trials.

Phase III Study

These are pre-registration trials means the data of this study is submitted to the regulatory agency through New Drug Application (NDA) for its registration. Also called Pre-marketing or Pivotal trials.

Such studies are multicentral, randomized, in large diseased population ( more than 500 ) with much longer duration of treatment and short follow up period, to determine the long-term safety and efficacy of the drug.

Even if the regulatory submission is pending, the drug is received by the patients in case it's a lifesaving drug until the drug can be purchased.

'Label expansion' that is drug can treat an additional disease, other than the disease for which the drug is already approved, may also be the reason for running the Phase III trial.

It is said that for FDA ( United States Food and Drug Administration ) and MHRA ( United Kingdom's Medicines and Health products Regulatory Agency ) needs at least two trials of successful trials data to register the drug.

After these trials, the drug is approved for market selling.

Phase IV Study

These are Post Market Safety Monitoring studies done after the drug is registered. Also called Late Phase or Confirmatory trials.

This kind of study determines the long-term adverse effects on the much larger population for a very long duration (at least 2 years). If harmful effects are detected in this study, then the drug is disapproved and the company has to retrieve the drug from the market as it can no longer be sold.

The entire journey of the drug from a molecule to a market selling product takes around 15-20 years.

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Source by Nidhi Sharma

Views: 0
July 27, 2022