Tag: skin

  • CC Certificates spring into action

    certs-team
    CC Certs Team by Creative Commons, CC BY

    In order to better teach open tools and practices to communities around the world, Creative Commons has developed open educational resources and a certification program called the CC Certificate. CC’s Senior Counsel Sarah Hinchliff Pearson is now leading the project with a group of researchers, writers, and instructional designers. The project is funded by the Gates Foundation and the Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS).

    The CC Certificate program is a training program that leads people through the basics about the organization, copyright law, and the CC tools. The goal is to equip people with the knowledge and skills they need to advocate for and support adoption of CC licensing in their work and creative pursuits.

    There are a wealth of opportunities to tailor the certificate to specific audiences. Initially we’re focusing on two groups: academic librarians and educators. The certificate for these two segments will run as a 12-week online course on Canvas, facilitated by an instructor fluent in the issues and opportunities surrounding CC licensing and open collaboration. The majority of the content will cover the basics of copyright and open licensing, and participants will be expected to choose either the academic librarian or educator track because the final unit will be domain-specific. The content will include online discussions, quizzes, and learning activities throughout to help solidify concepts and allow learners to demonstrate their understanding. The course will be entirely online, but CC may eventually offer an optional in-person session as a capstone offering at the end of the course. Upon successful completion, students will receive a certificate from Creative Commons.

    Of course, the underlying course content will be freely available to the public and CC-licensed, including text, images, and videos. The content covers Creative Commons as a whole – the organization, the tools, and the movement. We are treating this as a chance to tell the full story of what CC is and what we do. The materials include sections on the basics of copyright law, many of the ins and outs of CC licenses, practical information about how to use the licenses and how to use CC-licensed work, information about the values connected to use of CC, and case studies about what it looks like in the real world. For a full preview of the course topics, see the current syllabus here.

    The full beta test of the 12-week course will begin in January, with the official certification program launching after the Global Summit from April 13-15 in Toronto, Canada. We will be running one library-specific track and one education-specific track during the beta phase and will be asking participants to help us evaluate and shape the content. If you are interested in participating, please fill out this interest form.

    We expect the CC Global Network will play a crucial role in this program. In the future, we hope network members can be certified in order to help run the course in their parts of the world.

    Over the course of the next year, we will be exploring customization of the project for three different audiences: GLAM professionals, lawyers, and governments. An early, abbreviated version of the certificate beta has already been delivered to more than 150 academic librarians in the US, with great success. We are anxious to expand the program to fit a greater variety of professions, and to work with and empower the future leaders of the commons. Any questions, comments, or suggestions? Get in touch with us via Slack or Twitter.

    For even more CC content, please sign up for our email list.

    The post CC Certificates spring into action appeared first on Creative Commons.

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  • A Brief History of Birth Control

    A Brief History of Birth Control

    Here’s a brief look at the history of birth control. Although pills are very much in demand to avoid getting pregnant for women, these are also causing quite a stir.

    The reason for this is because birth control pills are known for one side effect. More and more women are complaining that the pills cause them to gain weight. For the ladies who use the pill just to avoid the risk of pregnancy, this is definitely not a good news.

    When a woman gains weight because of the pills, it causes her to look at the other options. But not everybody is affected of this kind of side effect. Some women don’t have weight issues regarding the use of birth control pills.

    But for the women who are prone to such effect, there are other forms of birth control that they can choose to use. They can go the natural way or the rhythm method. This is where the partners will become involved in a sexual act only when the female is not fertile.

    There are methods that are being injected and inserted to the women’s genitals to obtain same effect as the pills. And among the popular ones is through the use of condoms. Nowadays, both men and women have condoms suited for their private parts.

    The History
    The oldest form of birth control can be the sexual abstinence. But aside from it, the withdrawal effect can also be considered as one.

    Coined as the coitus interruptus, this means that the penis of a man will withdraw from the woman’s genitals before the ejaculation. This prevents him from transmitting into the lady or his partner any vital sperm that may cause pregnancy. But this requires a lot of self control on the part of men.

    It was also believed that Egyptian women have used suppository for their vaginas on old ages. The term for this type is pessary. This contains oil and other lubricants that will kill the sperm once the woman becomes involved in a sexual act.

    The equivalent of today’s female condoms at the time is a cervical cap for Asian women. This is like oiled paper. And for the same goal, Europeans have used beeswax. It was not until the 17th century that a condom was invented. When it was first introduced, it wasn’t as popular as today. And it was intended not only to avoid the risk of pregnancy but also to avoid acquiring sexually transmitted disease like syphilis.

    Throughout human history,there are various abortifacients that have been used. But the effects vary and those that were proven effective caused a lot of side effects. In the developing years, the herbal medium was used to act as a contraceptive.

    The 20th century introduced the rhythm method or the natural way. It is still being applied today and can be as effective as the birth control pills but will also require a lot of control from both concerning partners.

    In 1960, the FDA approved the pill that is now known as birth control. It was in 1972 that the pill became available for married ladies and singles ones who are over the age of 21. This was part of the 26th Amendment.

    This brief history of birth control shows you its popularity through time. Although, it is also known to cause added weight, people rely on one or two types in hopes of not risking getting their partners pregnant at the time that they are still not ready for it.

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  • Free Book – The Sexual Question by Dr. August Forel – A Scientific, Psychological, Hygienic And Sociological Study in Three Formats (Pdf, Adroid App Apk and Windows Exe Formats)

    THE
    SEXUAL QUESTION

     

    A SCIENTIFIC, PSYCHOLOGICAL, HYGIENIC
    AND SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY

    BY

    AUGUST FOREL, M.D., PH.D., LL.D.

    Formerly Professor of Psychiatry at and Director of the
    Insane Asylum in Zurich (Switzerland)

    ENGLISH ADAPTATION FROM THE SECOND GERMAN
    EDITION, REVISED AND ENLARGED

    BY

    C.F. MARSHALL, M.D., F.R.C.S.

    Late Assistant Surgeon to the Hospital for
    Diseases of the Skin, London

    ILLUSTRATED
    REVISED EDITION

    You are going to receive this book free in three popular formats: Pdf format, Adroid apk  app format and Windows exe format

    BOOK CONTENTS

    CHAPTER I – The reproduction of living beings

    The reproduction of living beings—History of the germ—Cell-division—Parthenogenesis—Conjugation—Mneme—Embryonic development—Difference of sexes—Castration—Hermaphrodism— Heredity—Blastophthoria PAGE 6

    CHAPTER II – The evolution or descent of living beings

    The evolution or descent of living beings

    CHAPTER III – Natural conditions of mechanism of human coitus

    Natural conditions of mechanism of human coitus—Pregnancy— Correlative sexual characters

    CHAPTER IV – The sexual appetite in man and woman

    The sexual appetite in man and woman—Flirtation

    CHAPTER V – Love and other irradiations of the sexual appetite in the human mind

    Love and other irradiations of the sexual appetite in the human mind—Psychic irradiations of love in man: Procreative instinct, jealousy, sexual braggardism, pornographic spirit, sexual hypocrisy, prudery and modesty, old bachelors—Psychic irradiations of love in woman: Old maids, passiveness and desire, abandon and exaltation, desire for domination, petticoat government, desire of maternity and maternal love, routine and infatuation, jealousy, dissimulation, coquetry, prudery and modesty—Fetichism and anti-fetichism— Psychological relations of love to religion

    CHAPTER VI – Ethnology and history of the sexual life of man and of marriage

    Ethnology and history of the sexual life of man and of marriage—Origin of marriage—Antiquity of matrimonial institutions—Criticism of the doctrine of promiscuity— Marriage and celibacy—Sexual advances and demands of marriage—Methods of attraction—Liberty of choice—Sexual selection—Law of resemblance—Hybrids—Prohibition of consanguineous marriages—Role of sentiment and calculation in sexual selection—Marriage by purchase—Decadence of marriage by purchase—Dowry—Nuptial ceremonies—Forms of marriage—Duration of marriage—History of extra-nuptial sexual intercourse

    CHAPTER VII – Sexual evolution

    Sexual evolution—Phylogeny and ontogeny of sexual life

    CHAPTER VIII – Sexual pathology

    Sexual pathology—Pathology of the sexual organs—Venereal disease—Sexual psychology—Reflex anomalies—Psychic impotence—Sexual paradoxy—Sexual anæsthesia—Sexual hyperæsthesia—Masturbation and onanism—Perversions of the sexual appetite: Sadism, masochism, fetichism, exhibitionism, homosexual love, sexual inversion, pederosis, sodomy—Sexual anomalies in the insane and psychopathic— Effects of alcohol on the sexual appetite—Sexual anomalies by suggestion and auto-suggestion—Sexual perversions due to habit

    CHAPTER IX – The role of suggestion in sexual life

    The role of suggestion in sexual life—Amorous intoxication

    CHAPTER X – The role of suggestion in sexual life

    The relations of the sexual question to money and property— Prostitution, proxenetism and venal concubinage

    CHAPTER XI – The influence of environment on sexual life

    The influence of environment on sexual life—Influence of climate—Town and country life—Vagabondage—Americanism— Saloons and alcohol—Riches and poverty—Rank and social position—Individual life—Boarding schools.

    CHAPTER XII – Religion and sexual life

    Religion and sexual life

    CHAPTER XIII – Rights in sexual life

    Rights in sexual life—Civil law—Penal law—A medico-legal case

    CHAPTER XIV – Medicine and sexual life

    Medicine and sexual life—Prostitution—Sexual hygiene— Extra-nuptial intercourse—Medical advice—Means of regulating or preventing conception—Hygiene of marriage— Hygiene of pregnancy—Medical advice as to marriage—Medical secrecy—Artificial abortion—Treatment of sexual disorders

    CHAPTER XV – Sexual morality

    Sexual morality

    CHAPTER XVI – The sexual question in politics and in political economy

    The sexual question in politics and in political economy

    CHAPTER XVII – The sexual question in pedagogy

    The sexual question in pedagogy

    CHAPTER XVIII – The sexual question in art

    The sexual question in art

    CHAPTER XIX – Conclusions

    Conclusions—Utopian ideas on the ideal marriage of the future—Bibliographical remarks

    Here are the links to download it.

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  • Plos: Fundamentals of Cell Growth Regulation, HPV Vaccine Development and Planned Parenthood Reap 2017 Lasker Awards

    Plos: Fundamentals of Cell Growth Regulation, HPV Vaccine Development and Planned Parenthood Reap 2017 Lasker Awards 3

    Each year, the Albert and Mary Lasker Foundation recognizes research excellence with a set of three awards given for major advances in the “understanding, diagnosis, treatment, cure or prevention of human disease.” This year’s awards were given for Basic Medical Research, Clinical Medical Research and Public Service.

    The Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award was given to Michael N. Hall for discovery of and investigations into “nutrient-activated TOR proteins and their central role in the metabolic control of cell growth.” TOR (Target of Rapamycin) is a highly conserved protein and a central regulator through its role as a nutrient sensor, coupling nutrient availability to protein synthesis and cell growth. A critical signaling protein, TOR forms multiprotein associations that function as distinct clusters, either as TORC1 (TOR Complex 1) or TORC2 (TOR Complex 2), depending upon those additional proteins. In their 2007 PLOS ONE article, Hall and colleagues identified novel TOR interacting proteins specific for each complex, investigating the role of phosphorylation and complex function for each. More recently, work from the Hall group published in PLOS Genetics demonstrated a role for TORC1 in bone formation and, in yeast cells, characterized the signaling state of the TORC1 complex with the use of antibody tools.

    The Lasker~DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award was jointly awarded to John Schiller and Douglas Lowy for their collaborative efforts, innovations and ”technological advances that enabled development of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines for prevention of cervical cancer and other tumors caused by human papillomaviruses.” Papillomavirus infection on the skin and mucous membranes of humans and animals can cause benign warts (papillomas) or malignancies, especially anogenital carcinomas, and in genetically predisposed or immunocompromised individuals can cause skin cancer. Development of safe and effective vaccines has potential to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer and other malignancies resulting from HPV.

    Schiller and Lowry collaborated on three articles published with PLOS. In the early days of PLOS Pathogens, they demonstrated that carrageenan, a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from red algae, was an extremely potent infection inhibitor for sexually transmitted genital HPVs. Their most recent joint publication (also in PLOS Pathogens) investigates papillomavirus in various mouse models, to gain insights into immune system influences on infection progression in humans. These articles, together with results of a clinical trial of bivalent HPV vaccination have received nearly 83,000 views. For further reading in PLOS journals, view Schiller’s  and Lowy’s publication lists.

    The Lasker~Bloomberg Public Service Award alternates years with the Lasker~Koshland Special Achievement Award in Medical Science. For more on this year’s Public Service Award, given to Planned Parenthood Federation of America, check back next week for our interview with Chair of the Jury Alfred Sommer.

    In publishing their work Open Access, these outstanding scientists and citizens advance medicine, public health and basic research for the benefit of all. PLOS celebrates their work and dedication.

     

    Image Credit: Albert and Mary Lasker Foundation

    Plos: Fundamentals of Cell Growth Regulation, HPV Vaccine Development and Planned Parenthood Reap 2017 Lasker Awards 4

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  • Best Ways to Get Rid of Blackheads

    Blackheads are often very much disturbing to you specially when it appears in your face, foreheads or chin. These is appear when the skin oil glands discharge excess skin oil combine with dust partic… [Author: Mixzy Witz – November 16, 2011]Best Ways to Get Rid of Blackheads 5

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  • Ways to make your skin healthy

    The primary step to keeping your skin healthy is preventing damage. Pollutants, air, sun as well as by just natural aging can certainly mortify the form of your skin. Frequent grumbles incorporate dr… [Author: Chloe park – November 16, 2011]Ways to make your skin healthy 6

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  • Aspergers Education Strategies

    Children with Aspergers need certain things in order to receive a proper Aspergers education. Their behavior is hard to understand for some parents, but once they gain a better understanding of children with Aspergers, they can begin to help their children the way that they need help. Here are a few suggestions that can help parents help their students with Aspergers.

    · Don’t expect eye contact. Their lack of eye contact has nothing to do with disrespect, but it has everything to do with their Aspergers. Use probing questions to make sure they understand what is expected of them instead of using eye contact as an indicator in their Aspergers education.

    · Every child is different from others. Parents should take the time to get to know their children with Aspergers so they understand how they think and operate. Do not put them in a category with your other children or educational failures will occur.

    · Use visual cues when at all possible. Children with Aspergers are usually visual learners and they depend on these cues in their Aspergers education. They have difficulty processing oral language so hands-on, visual cues are a tremendous help.

    · Do not ask them to show their work on math problems. Children with Aspergers have the ability to come up with answers by processing the information in their heads. They may not even understand why you want them to show their work. A better solution is to ask them to explain the process to you. Do not waste time trying to get them to do something that will result in an unnecessary argument and nothing more.

    · Parents should allow frequent breaks. Children with Aspergers may need to take breaks as a part of their Aspergers education. Sometimes they have problems with focusing on tasks so allowing a break when they need it is a tremendous help.

    · Always try to minimize sensory distractions as much as possible. Ticking clocks, tapping pens, crumbling paper, and other things can be a huge distraction for children with Aspergers. It is impossible to control all sensory distractions, but when at all possible, minimize these distractions.

    · Use the IEP as the model for their Aspergers Education. This is their individualized plan for educational success so parents should take advantage of using the IEP.

    · Minimize change as much as possible. Allow some transition time before asking a child to do something that is out of their normal routine. Parents should always plan for change as far in advance as possible.

    Parents can help their children receive a proper Aspergers education by using a few simple strategies to ensure the success of their children. When in doubt, refer to the IEP or speak to a special education staff member for guidance.

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  • The European Commission should repeal extra rights for databases

    The European Commission should repeal extra rights for databases 7
    Circuit board by Carl Drougge, CC BY-SA 2.0

    In 1996 the European Union adopted the Database Directive, which aimed to harmonise the treatment of databases under copyright law and introduced the sui generis database right for non-original databases. Sui generis database rights are separate from copyright. They protect the “sweat of the brow” of the person who has made a substantial investment in obtaining, verifying, or presenting the contents of a database.

    In 2005 the European Commission released its first (and only) evaluation report on the impact of the Database Directive. It found that there was no evidence that the sui generis right has improved EU competitiveness by increasing the production of databases. In contrast, the presence of the sui generis right has produced a confusing legal environment in which users do not know if (or how) their uses are subject to the sui generis right.

    Now the Commission is asking for feedback on what to do with the Database Directive, in particular the sui generis protection. Creative Commons responded to the Commission’s survey, and you can read our answers here.

    The Database Directive has failed to give database producers that wish to make their databases available on an open access basis the choice to opt out of the sui generis protection or a way to communicate conditions for reuse. This has led to some recent projects (such as Wikidata and Europeana) to simply sidestep the right altogether by releasing their data into the public domain using the CC0 Public Domain Dedication, thus neutralising copyright and sui generis rights to ensure that their data is freely (re)usable. It should be noted that the most recent iteration of the Creative Commons suite (version 4.0 released in 2013) licenses sui generis database rights alongside copyright, but the extent of the use of the 4.0 licenses as a tool primarily to address the sui generis right is unclear.

    We’ve also worked with our partners at COMMUNIA to prepare a short policy paper, which echoes the recommendations we provided to the consultation.

    The Commission should repeal the sui generis database right and harmonize the limitations and exceptions for the copyright section of the Database Directive with the Infosoc Directive. If it is not possible to fully revoke the sui generis right, the Commission should amend the Database Directive to introduce a system whereby producers of databases must register to receive protection under the sui generis right. It should also expand the sui generis exceptions and make them mandatory. Finally, it should set a maximum term so that there cannot be perpetual extensions.

    The sui generis protection in the Database Directive has caused more harm than good. It’s time for it to go.

    The post The European Commission should repeal extra rights for databases appeared first on Creative Commons.

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