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  • Woman Suffrage

    Woman Suffrage

    31. The Crowning Victory

    It is my honest hope that nothing I’ve right here exhibited can be mistaken by the the Aristocracy and gentry for ethical indignation. No such feeling, in fact, is in my coronary heart. Moral judgments, as outdated Friedrich used to say, are international to my nature. Setting apart the huge herd which exhibits no definable character in any respect, it appears to me that the minority distinguished by what is often thought to be an extra of sin could be very far more admirable than the minority distinguished by an extra of advantage. My expertise of the world has taught me that the typical wine-bibber is a much better fellow than the typical prohibitionist, and that the typical rogue is healthier firm than the typical poor drudge, and that the worst white, slave dealer of my acquaintance is a decenter man than the very best vice crusader. In the identical manner I’m satisfied that the typical lady, no matter her deficiencies, is tremendously superior to the typical man. The very ease with which she defies and swindles him in a number of capital conditions of life is the clearest of proofs of her normal superiority. She didn’t receive her current excessive immunities as a present from the gods, however solely after a protracted and sometimes bitter combat, and in that combat she exhibited forensic and tactical skills of a really admirable order. There was no weak point of man that she didn’t penetrate and make the most of. There was no trick that she didn’t put to efficient use. There was no system so daring and inordinate that it daunted her.

    The newest and biggest fruit of this female expertise for fight is the extension of the suffrage, now common within the Protestant international locations, and even advancing in these of the Greek and Latin rites. This fruit was garnered, not by an assault en masse, however by a mere foray. I imagine that almost all of ladies, for causes that I shall presently expose, weren’t anticipating the extension, and regard it as of small worth at the moment. They know that they will get what they need with out going to the precise polls for it; furthermore, they’re out of sympathy with many of the brummagem reforms advocated by the skilled suffragists, female and male. The mere assertion of the present suffragist platform, with its lengthy listing of quack sure-cures for all of the sorrows of the world, is sufficient to make them smile sadly. In specific, they’re sceptical of all reforms that rely on the mass motion of immense numbers of voters, massive sections of whom are wholly devoid of sense. A standard lady, certainly, no extra believes in democracy within the nation than she believes in democracy at her personal fireplace; she is aware of that there should be a category to order and a category to obey, and that the 2 can by no means coalesce. Nor is she vulnerable to the inventory sentimentalities upon which the entire democratic course of is predicated. This was proven very dramatically within the United States on the nationwide election of 1920, during which the late Woodrow Wilson was introduced all the way down to colossal and ignominious defeat—the primary normal election during which all American ladies might vote. All the sentimentality of the state of affairs was on the facet of Wilson, and but absolutely three-fourths of the newly-enfranchised ladies voters voted in opposition to him. He is, regardless of his skills for deception, a poor well-liked psychologist, and so he made a clumsy effort to fetch the women by tear-squeezing: each connoisseur will keep in mind his bathos about breaking the center of the world. Well, only a few ladies imagine in damaged hearts, and the trigger isn’t far to hunt: virtually each lady above the age of twenty-five has a damaged coronary heart. That is to say, she has been vastly upset, both by failing to nab some fairly fellow that her coronary heart was set on, or, worse, by truly nabbing him, after which discovering him to be a bounder or an imbecile, or each. Thus strolling the world with damaged hearts, ladies know that the harm isn’t critical. When he pulled out the Vox angelica cease and commenced sobbing and snuffling and blowing his nostril tragically, the discovered physician merely drove all the ladies voters into the arms of the Hon. Warren Gamaliel Harding, who was too silly to invent any points in any respect, however merely took detrimental benefit of the mistrust aroused by his opponent.

    Once the ladies of Christendom grow to be comfortable in using the poll, and eliminate the preposterous harridans who obtained it for them and who now search to inform them what to do with it, they’ll proceed to a scotching of lots of the sentimentalities which at the moment corrupt politics. For one factor, I imagine that they’ll provoke measures in opposition to democracy—the worst evil of the present-day world. When they arrive to the matter, they’ll actually not ordain the extension of the suffrage to youngsters, criminals and the insane briefly, to these ever extra inflammable and knavish than the male hinds who’ve loved it for therefore lengthy; they’ll attempt to result in its restriction, little by little, to the small minority that’s clever, agnostic and self-possessed—say six ladies to at least one man. Thus, out of their larger intuition for actuality, they’ll make democracy protected for a democracy.

    The curse of man, and the reason for almost all his woes, is his stupendous capability for believing the unbelievable. He is endlessly embracing delusions, and every new one is worse than all which have gone earlier than. But the place is the delusion that ladies cherish—I imply habitually, firmly, passionately? Who will draw up an inventory of propositions, held and maintained by them in sober earnest, which are clearly not true? (I allude right here, in fact, to real ladies, to not suffragettes and different such pseudo-males). As for me, I mustn’t prefer to undertake such an inventory. I do know of nothing, the truth is, that correctly belongs to it. Women, as a category, imagine in not one of the ludicrous rights, duties and pious obligations that males are endlessly gabbling about. Their superior intelligence is on no account extra eloquently demonstrated than by their ironical view of all such phantasmagoria. Their recurring angle towards males is considered one of aloof disdain, and their recurring angle towards what males imagine in, and get into sweats about, and bellow for, is considerably the identical. It takes twice as lengthy to transform a physique of ladies to some new fallacy because it takes to transform a physique of males, and even then they halt, hesitate and are filled with mordant criticisms. The ladies of Colorado had been voting for 21 years earlier than they succumbed to prohibition sufficiently to permit the person voters of the state to undertake it; their very own majority voice was in opposition to it to the top. During the interval the boys voters of a dozen non-suffrage American states had gone shrieking to the mourners’ bench. In California, enfranchised in 1911, the ladies rejected the dry revelation in 1914. National prohibition was adopted throughout the struggle with out their votes—they didn’t get the franchise all through the nation till it was within the Constitution—and it’s with out their assist at the moment. The American man, regardless of his status for lawlessness, is definitely very a lot afraid of the police, and in all of the areas the place prohibition is now truly enforced he makes excuses for his poltroonish acceptance of it by arguing that it’ll do him good in the long term, or that he must sacrifice his personal needs to the widespread weal. But it’s virtually unattainable to search out an American lady of any tradition who’s in favour of it. One and all, they’re against the turmoil and corruption that it entails, and resentful of the invasion of liberty underlying it. Being realists, they haven’t any perception in any program which proposes to remedy the pure swinishness of males by laws. Every regular lady believes, and fairly precisely, that the typical man could be very very like her husband, John, and he or she is aware of very properly that John is a weak, foolish and knavish fellow, and that any effort to transform him into an archangel in a single day is certain to come back to grief. As for her view of the typical creature of her personal intercourse, it’s marked by a cynicism so penetrating and so damaging {that a} clear assertion of it might shock past endurance.

    32. The Woman Voter

    Thus there’s not the slightest likelihood that the enfranchised ladies of Protestantdom, as soon as they grow to be comfortable in using the poll, will give any heed to the ex-suffragettes who now presume to guide and instruct them in politics. Years in the past I predicted that these suffragettes, tried out by victory, would grow to be idiots. They are actually onerous at work proving it. Half of them dedicate themselves to advocating reforms, mainly of a sexual character, so totally preposterous that even male politicians and newspaper editors snort at them; the opposite half succumb absurdly to the blandishments of the old-time male politicians, and so enroll themselves within the nice political events. A lady who joins considered one of these events merely turns into an imitation man, which is to say, a donkey. Thereafter she is nothing however an obscure cog in an historical and creaking machine, the only intelligible function of which is to keep up a horde of scoundrels in public workplace. Her vote is immediately set off by the vote of some sister who joins the opposite camorra. Parenthetically, I could add that all the girls to take to this political immolation appear to me to be frightfully plain. I do know these of England, Germany and Scandinavia solely by their portraits within the illustrated papers, however these of the United States I’ve studied at shut vary at numerous massive political gatherings, together with the 2 nationwide conventions first following the extension of the suffrage. I’m certainly no fastidious fellow—the truth is, I choose a sure melancholy decay in ladies to the loud, circus-wagon brilliance of youth—however I provide you with my phrase that there have been not 5 ladies at both nationwide conference who might have embraced me in digital camera with out first giving me chloral. Some of the chief stateswomen on present, the truth is, had been so downright hideous that I felt faint each time I had to have a look at them.

    The reform-monging suffragists appear to be equally devoid of the extra caressing items. They could also be full of altruistic ardour, however they actually have dangerous complexions, and never a lot of them know costume their hair. Nine-tenths of them advocate reforms aimed on the alleged lubricity of the male-the single normal, medical certificates for bridegrooms, birth-control, and so forth. The motive right here, I imagine, is mere rage and jealousy. The lady who isn’t pursued units up the doctrine that pursuit is offensive to her intercourse, and needs to make it a felony. No genuinely engaging lady has any such want. She likes masculine admiration, nevertheless violently expressed, and is kind of capable of maintain herself. More, she is properly conscious that only a few males are daring sufficient to supply it and not using a plain invitation, and this consciousness makes her extraordinarily cynical of all ladies who complain of being harassed, beset, storied, and seduced. All the extra clever ladies that I do know, certainly, are unanimously of the opinion that no woman in her proper senses has ever been truly seduced for the reason that world started; at any time when they hear of a case, they sympathize with the person. Yet extra, the traditional lady of vigorous charms, roving about amongst males, all the time tries to attract the admiration of those that have beforehand admired elsewhere; she prefers the skilled to the novice, and estimates her talent by the attractiveness of the huntresses who’ve hitherto stalked it. The iron-faced suffragist propagandist, if she will get a person in any respect, should get one wholly with out sentimental expertise. If he has any, her crude manoeuvres make him snort and he’s repelled by her lack of pulchritude and amiability. All such suffragists (save a couple of miraculous beauties) marry ninth-rate males after they marry in any respect. They need to put up with the kind of castoffs who’re virtually able to fall in love with girl physicists, embryologists, and embalmers.

    Fortunately for the human race, the campaigns of those indignant viragoes will come to naught. Men will carry on pursuing ladies till hell freezes over, and ladies will hold luring them on. If the latter enterprise had been deserted, the truth is, the entire recreation of affection would play out, for not many males take any discover of ladies spontaneously. Nine males out of ten can be fairly glad, I imagine, if there have been no ladies on the planet, as soon as they’d grown accustomed to the quiet. Practically all males are their happiest when they’re engaged upon actions—for instance, consuming, playing, looking, enterprise, journey—to which ladies usually are not ordinarily admitted. It is ladies who seduce them from such celibate doings. The hare postures and gyrates in entrance of the hound. The strategy to put an finish to the gaudy crimes that the suffragist alarmists speak about is to shave the heads of all the gorgeous ladies on the planet, and pluck out their eyebrows, and pull their enamel, and put them in khaki, and forbid them to wriggle on dance-floors, or to put on scents, or to make use of lip-sticks, or to roll their eyes. Reform, as ordinary, errors the fish for the fly.

    33. A Glance Into the Future

    The current public prosperity of the ex-suffragettes is mainly as a consequence of the truth that the old-time male politicians, being naturally very silly, mistake them for spokesmen for the entire physique of ladies, and so present them politeness. But quickly or late—and possibly disconcertingly quickly—the good mass of smart and agnostic ladies will flip upon them and depose them, and thereafter the girl vote can be now not on the disposal of bogus Great Thinkers and messiahs. If the suffragettes proceed to fill the newspapers with nonsense, as soon as that change has been effected, will probably be solely as a minority sect of tolerated idiots, just like the Swedenborgians, Christian Scientists, Seventh Day Adventists and different such fanatics of at the moment. This was the historical past of the extension of the suffrage in all the American states that made it earlier than the nationwide enfranchisement of ladies and will probably be repeated within the nation at massive, and in Great Britain and on the Continent. Women usually are not taken in by quackery as readily as males are; the hardness of their shell of logic makes it troublesome to penetrate to their feelings. For one lady who testifies publicly that she has been cured of most cancers by some swindling patent drugs, there are no less than twenty masculine witnesses. Even such frauds because the favorite American elixir, Lydia Pinkham’s Vegetable Compound, that are ostensibly treatments for particularly female ills, anatomically unattainable within the male, are mainly swallowed, so an clever druggist tells me, by males.

    My personal perception, based mostly on elaborate inquiries and lengthy meditation, is that the grant of the poll to ladies marks the hid however none the much less actual starting of an enchancment in our politics, and, in the long run, in our complete idea of presidency. As issues stand, an clever grappling with a few of the capital issues of the commonwealth is nearly unattainable. A politician usually prospers underneath democracy, not in proportion as his rules are sound and his honour incorruptible, however in proportion as she excels within the manufacture of sonorous phrases, and the invention of imaginary perils and imaginary defences in opposition to them. Our politics thus degenerates right into a mere pursuit of hobgoblins; the male voter, a coward in addition to an ass, is endlessly taking fright at a brand new one and electing some mountebank to put it. For 100 years previous the folks of the United States, probably the most horrible current democratic state, have scarcely had a political marketing campaign that was not based mostly upon some preposterous concern—first of slavery after which of the manumitted slave, first of capitalism after which of communism, first of the outdated after which of the novel. It is a peculiarity of ladies that they don’t seem to be simply set off by such alarms, that they don’t fall readily into such facile tumults and phobias. What begins a male assembly to snuffling and trembling most violently is exactly the factor that may trigger a feminine assembly to smell. What we’d like, to beat back mobocracy and safeguard a civilized type of authorities, is extra of this sniffing. What we’d like—and in the long run it should come—is a sniff so highly effective that it’ll name a halt upon the navigation of the ship from the forecastle, and put a reliable employees on the bridge, and lay a course that’s describable in intelligible phrases.

    The officers nominated by the male citizens in fashionable democracies earlier than the extension of the suffrage had been normally chosen, not for his or her competence however for his or her mere expertise for idiocy; they mirrored precisely the male weak point for no matter is rhetorical and mawkish and feeble and unfaithful. Consider, for instance, what occurred in a salient case. Every 4 years the male voters of the United States selected from amongst themselves one who was put ahead as the person most match, of all resident males, to be the primary citizen of the commonwealth. He was chosen after interminable dialogue; his {qualifications} had been totally canvassed; very massive powers and dignities had been put into his arms. Well, what did we generally discover after we examined this gentleman? We discovered, not a profound thinker, not a frontrunner of sound opinion, not a person of notable sense, however merely a wholesaler of notions so childish that they need to wants disgust a sentient suckling—briefly, a spouting geyser of fallacies and sentimentalities, a cataract of unsupported assumptions and hole moralizings, a tedious phrase-merchant and platitudinarian, a fellow whose noblest flights of thought had been flattered after they had been known as understandable—particularly, a Wilson, a Taft, a Roosevelt, or a Harding.

    This was the male champion. I don’t enterprise upon the cruelty of evaluating his bombastic flummeries to the clear reasoning of a lady of like fame and place; all I ask of you is that you simply weigh them, for sense, for shrewdness, for clever grasp of obscure relations, for mental honesty and braveness, with the concepts of the typical midwife.

    34. The Suffragette

    I’ve spoken with some disdain of the suffragette. What is the matter along with her, essentially, is straightforward: she is a lady who has stupidly carried her envy of sure of the superficial privileges of males to such a degree that it takes on the character of an obsession, and makes her blind to their worthless and sometimes mainly imaginary character. In specific, she centres this frenzy of hers upon one particular privilege, to wit, the alleged privilege of promiscuity in amour, the trendy droit du seigneur. Read the books of the chief girl Savonarolas, and you can find working by means of them an hysterical denunciation of what’s known as the double normal of morality; there’s, certainly, a complete literature devoted completely to it. The existence of this double normal appears to drive the poor ladies half frantic. They bellow raucously for its abrogation, and demand that the frivolous male be visited with much more idiotic penalties than these which now go to the aberrant feminine; some even advocate gravely his mutilation by surgical procedure, that he could also be pressured into rectitude by a bodily incapacity for sin.

    All this, in fact, is hocus-pocus, and the considered usually are not deceived by it for an immediate. What these virtuous bel dames truly want of their hearts isn’t that the male be decreased to chemical purity, however that the franchise of dalliance be prolonged to themselves. The most basic acquaintance with Freudian psychology exposes their secret animus. Unable to ensnare males underneath the current system, or in any respect occasions, unable to ensnare males sufficiently appetizing to arouse the envy of different ladies, they leap to the idea that it might be simpler if the foundations had been much less exacting. This idea exposes their deficiency within the chief character of their intercourse: correct statement. The reality is that, even when they possessed the liberty that males are supposed to own, they might nonetheless discover it troublesome to attain their ambition, for the typical man, no matter his stupidity, is no less than eager sufficient in judgment to choose a single wink from a genuinely engaging lady to the final delirious favours of the everyday suffragette. Thus the idea of the whoopers and snorters of the trigger, in its esoteric in addition to in its public side, is unsound. They are merely ladies who, of their tastes and processes of thoughts, are two-thirds males, and the actual fact explains their failure to attain presentable husbands, and even consolatory betrayal, fairly as successfully because it explains the prepared credence they offer to political and philosophical absurdities.

    35. A Mythical Dare-Devil

    The reality is that the image of male carnality that such ladies conjure up belongs virtually wholly to fable, as I’ve already noticed in coping with the sophistries of Dr. Eliza Burt Gamble, a paralogist on a considerably increased airplane. As they depict him of their fevered treatises on illegitimacy, white-slave buying and selling and ophthalmia neonatorum, the typical male grownup of the Christian and cultured international locations leads a lifetime of gaudy lubricity, rolling magnificently from one liaison to a different, and with an virtually limitless queue of ruined milliners, dancers, charwomen, parlour-maids and waitresses behind him, all dying of poison and despair. The lifetime of man, as these furiously envious ones see it, is the lifetime of a number one actor in a boulevard revue. He is a polygamous, multigamous, myriadigamous; an insatiable and unconscionable debauche, a monster of promiscuity; prodigiously untrue to his spouse, and even to his associates’ wives; fathomlessly libidinous and fantastically glad.

    Needless to say, this image bears no extra relation to the information than a dissertation on main technique by a navy “expert” promoted from dramatic critic. If the chief suffragette scare mongers (I communicate with none embarrassing naming of names) had been engaging sufficient to males to get close to sufficient to sufficient males to know sufficient about them for his or her function they might paralyze the Dorcas societies with no such cajoling libels. As a matter of sober reality, the typical man of our time and race is kind of incapable of all these incandescent and intriguing divertisements. He is way extra virtuous than they make him out, far much less schooled in sin, far much less enterprising and ruthless. I don’t say, in fact, that he’s pure in coronary heart, for the possibilities are that he is not; what I do say is that, within the overwhelming majority of instances, he’s pure in act, even within the face of temptation. And why? For a number of major causes, not to enter minor ones. One is that he lacks the braveness. Another is that he lacks the cash. Another is that he’s essentially ethical, and has a conscience. It takes extra sinful initiative than he has in him to plunge into any affair save probably the most informal and sordid; it takes extra ingenuity and intrepidity than he has in him to hold it off; it takes extra money than he can conceal from his consort to finance it. A person might power his precise spouse to share the direst poverty, however even the least vampirish lady of the third half calls for to be courted in what, contemplating his station in life, is the grand method, and the bills of that grand method scare off all save a small minority of specialists in deception. So lengthy, certainly, as a spouse is aware of her husband’s revenue precisely, she has a positive technique of holding him to his oaths.

    Even more practical than the fiscal barrier is the barrier of poltroonery. The one character that distinguishes man from the opposite increased vertebrate, certainly, is his extreme timorousness, his simple yielding to alarms, his incapacity for journey and not using a crowd behind him. In his regular incarnation he’s no extra able to initiating an extra-legal affair—in any respect occasions, above the mawkish harmlessness of a flirting match with a cigar woman in a cafe-than he’s of scaling the battlements of hell. He likes to consider himself doing it, simply as he likes to consider himself main a cavalry cost or climbing the Matterhorn. Often, certainly, his self-importance leads him to think about the factor carried out, and he admits by winks and blushes that he’s a nasty one. But on the backside of all that tawdry pretence there’s normally nothing extra materials than an oafish smirk at some disgusted shop-girl, or a scraping of shins underneath the desk. Let any lady who’s disquieted by stories of her husband’s derelictions determine to herself how lengthy it might have taken him to suggest to her if left to his personal enterprise, after which let her ask herself if that’s the case pusillanimous a creature may very well be imaged within the position of Don Giovanni.

    Finally, there’s his conscience—the amassed sediment of ancestral faintheartedness in numerous generations, with imprecise spiritual fears and superstitions to leaven and mellow it. What! a conscience? Yes, expensive associates, a conscience. That conscience could also be imperfect, inept, unintelligent, brummagem. It could also be indistinguishable, at instances, from the mere concern that somebody could also be wanting. It could also be shot by means of with hypocrisy, stupidity, play-acting. But nonetheless, as consciences go in Christendom, it’s genuinely entitled to the identify—and it’s all the time in motion. A person, keep in mind, isn’t a being in vacuo; he’s the fruit and slave of the atmosphere that bathes him. One can not enter the House of Commons, the United States Senate, or a jail for felons with out changing into, in some measure, a rascal. One can not fall overboard with out transport water. One can not cross by means of a contemporary college with out carrying away scars. And by the identical token one can not dwell and have one’s being in a contemporary democratic state, 12 months in and 12 months out, with out falling, to some extent no less than, underneath that ethical obsession which is the hall-mark of the mob-man let out. A citizen of such a state, his nostril buried in Nietzsche, “Man and Superman,” and different such superior literature, might caress himself with the notion that he’s an immoralist, that his soul is stuffed with soothing sin, that he has reduce himself free from the revelation of God. But all of the whereas there is part of him that continues to be a sound Christian, a moralist, a proper considering and forward-looking man. And that half, in instances of stress, asserts itself. It might not fear him on unusual events. It might not cease him when he swears, or takes a nip of whiskey behind the door, or goes motoring on Sunday; it might even let him alone when he goes to a leg-show. But the second a concrete Temptress rises earlier than him, her nostril snow-white, her lips rouged, her eyelashes drooping provokingly—the second such an deserted wench has at him, and his lack of prepared funds begins to conspire together with his lack of braveness to assault and wobble him—at that exact second his conscience flares into operate, and so finishes his enterprise. First he sees problem, then he sees the hazard, then he sees improper. The result’s that he slinks off in trepidation, and one other vampire is baffled of her prey.

    It is, certainly, the key scandal of Christendom, no less than within the Protestant areas, that almost all males are trustworthy to their wives. You will a journey a great distance earlier than you discover a married man who will admit that he’s, however the information are the information, and I’m certainly not one to flout them.

    36. The Origin of a Delusion

    The origin of the delusion that the typical man is a Leopold II or Augustus the Strong, with the amorous expertise of a guinea pig, isn’t far to hunt. It lies in three elements, the which I rehearse briefly:

    1. The idiotic self-importance of males, resulting in their everlasting boasting, both by open mendacity or sinister hints.

    2. The notions of vice crusaders, nonconformist divines, Y. M. C. A. secretaries, and different such libidinous poltroons as to what they might do themselves if they’d the braveness.

    3. The ditto of sure suffragettes as to ditto.

    Here you may have the genesis of a generalization that offers the much less vital kind of ladies a substantial amount of pointless uneasiness and vastly augments the pure conceit of males. Some pornographic outdated fellow, within the discharge of his duties as director of an anti-vice society, places in a night ploughing by means of such books as “The Memoirs of Fanny Hill,” Casanova’s Confessions, the Cena Trimalchionis of Gaius Petronius, and II Samuel. From this perusal he arises with the conviction that life amid the purple lights should be one stupendous whirl of deviltry, that the clerks he sees in Broadway or Piccadilly at evening are out for revels that may have brought about protests in Sodom and Nineveh, that the typical man who chooses hell leads an existence akin to that of a Mormon bishop, that the world outdoors the Bible class is packed like a sardine-can with betrayed salesgirls, that each man who would not imagine that Jonah swallowed the whale spends his complete leisure leaping by means of the seventh hoop of the Decalogue. “If I were not saved and anointed of God,” whispers the vice director into his personal ear, “that is what I, the Rev. Dr. Jasper Barebones, would be doing. The late King David did it; he was human, and hence immoral. The late King Edward VII was not beyond suspicion: the very numeral in his name has its suggestions. Millions of others go the same route…. Ergo, Up, guards, and at ’em! Bring me the pad of blank warrants! Order out the seachlights and scaling-ladders! Swear in four hundred more policemen! Let us chase these hell-hounds out of Christendom, and make the world safe for monogamy, poor working girls, and infant damnation!”

    Thus the hound of heaven, arguing fallaciously from his personal secret aspirations. Where he makes his mistake is in assuming that the unconsecrated, whereas sharing his longing to debauch and betray, are free from his different weaknesses, e.g., his timidity, his lack of resourcefulness, his conscience. As I’ve mentioned, they don’t seem to be. The overwhelming majority of those that seem within the public haunts of sin are there, to not interact in overt acts of ribaldry, however merely to tremble agreeably upon the sting of the abyss. They are the identical skittish experimentalists, exactly, who throng the halfway at a world’s honest, and go to smutty exhibits, and soak up intercourse magazines, and browse the kind of books that our vice crusading pal reads. They prefer to conjure up the charms of carnality, and to assist out their considerably sluggish imaginations by precise peeps at it, however with regards to taking a forthright header into the sulphur they normally fail to muster up the braveness. For one clerk who succumbs to the houris of the pave, there are 5 hundred who succumb to lack of means, the warnings of the intercourse hygienists, and their very own miserable consciences. For one “clubman”—i.e., bagman or suburban vestryman—who invades the ladies’s outlets, engages the love of some harmless miss, lures her into infamy after which sells her to the Italians, there are one thousand who by no means get any additional than asking the worth of cologne water and discharging a couple of furtive winks. And for one husband of the Nordic race who maintains a blonde refrain woman in oriental luxurious across the nook, there are ten thousand who’re as true to their wives, 12 months in and 12 months out, as so many convicts within the death-house, and can be no extra able to any such loathsome malpractice, even within the face of free alternative, than they might be of slicing off the ears of their younger.

    I’m sorry to explode a lot romance. In specific, I’m sorry for the suffragettes who specialize within the double normal, for after they get into pantaloons eventually, and have the brand new freedom, they’ll uncover to their sorrow that they’ve been pursuing a chimera—that there’s actually no such animal because the male anarchist they’ve been denouncing and envying—that the wholesale fornication of man, no less than underneath Christian democracy, has little extra precise existence than trustworthy promoting or sound cooking. They have adopted the porno maniacs in embracing a bit of buncombe, and when the day of deliverance comes it is going to flip to ashes of their arms.

    Their error, as I say, lies in overestimating the braveness and enterprise of man. They themselves, barring mere bodily valour, a top quality during which the typical man is way exceeded by the typical jackal or wolf, have extra of each. If the implications, to a person, of the slightest descent from virginity had been one-tenth as swift and barbarous as the implications to a younger woman in like case, it might take a division of infantry to dredge up a single male flouter of that lex talionis in the entire western world. As issues stand at the moment, even with the percentages so tremendously in his favour, the typical male hesitates and is thus not misplaced. Turn to the statistics of the vice crusaders should you doubt it. They present that the weekly receipts of feminine recruits upon the wharves of sin are all the time greater than the demand; that extra younger ladies enter upon the vermilion profession than could make respectable livings at it; that the stress of the temptation they maintain out is the chief consider corrupting our undergraduates. What was the primary act of the American Army when it started summoning its younger clerks and faculty boys and plough arms to conscription camps? Its first act was to mark off a so-called ethical zone round every camp, and to safe it with trenches and machine weapons, and to place a variety of volunteer termagants to patrolling it, that the assembled jeunesse is likely to be protected of their rectitude from the immoral advances of the adjoining milkmaids and poor working ladies.

    37. Women as Martyrs

    I’ve given three causes for the prosperity of the notion that man is a pure polygamist, bent eternally upon recent dives into Lake of Brimstone No. 7. To these one other must be added: the thirst for martyrdom which exhibits itself in so many ladies, significantly underneath the upper types of civilization. This unhealthy urge for food, the truth is, could also be described as considered one of civilization’s ailments; it’s virtually exceptional in additional primitive societies. The savage lady, unprotected by her impolite tradition and compelled to heavy and relentless labour, has retained her bodily power and with it her honesty and self-respect. The civilized lady, steadily degenerated by a larger ease, and helped down that hill by the pretensions of civilized man, has turned her infirmity right into a advantage, and so impacts a feebleness that’s truly far past the truth. It is by this route that she will be able to most successfully disarm masculine mistrust, and get what she desires. Man is flattered by any acknowledgment, nevertheless insincere, of his superior power and capability. He likes to be leaned upon, appealed to, adopted docilely. And this tribute to his would possibly caresses him on the psychic airplane in addition to on the airplane of the clearly bodily. He not solely enjoys serving to a lady over a gutter; he additionally enjoys serving to her dry her tears. The result’s the huge pretence that characterizes the relations of the sexes underneath civilization—the double pretence of man’s crafty and autonomy and of lady’s dependence and deference. Man is all the time in search of somebody to boast to; lady is all the time in search of a shoulder to place her head on.

    This female affectation, in fact, has steadily taken on the power of a hard and fast behavior, and so it’s got a sure assist, by a well-recognized technique of self-delusion, in actuality. The civilized lady inherits that behavior as she inherits her crafty. She is born half satisfied that she is actually as weak and helpless as she later pretends to be, and the prevailing folklore gives her limitless corroboration. One of the resultant phenomena is the enjoyment of martyrdom that one so usually finds in ladies, and significantly within the least alert and introspective of them. They take a heavy, unhealthy pleasure in struggling; it subtly pleases them to be onerous put upon; they prefer to image themselves as slaughtered saints. Thus they all the time discover one thing to complain of; the very situations of home life give them a superabundance of medical materials. And if, by any likelihood, such materials exhibits a falling off, they’re uneasy and sad. Let a lady have a husband whose conduct isn’t moderately open to query, and she’s going to invent legendary offences to make him bearable. And if her invention fails she can be plunged into the utmost distress and humiliation. This reality most likely explains many mysterious divorces: the husband was not too dangerous, however too good. For public opinion amongst ladies, keep in mind, doesn’t favour the girl who is stuffed with a placid contentment and has no masculine torts to report; if she says that her husband is wholly passable she is seemed upon as a numskull much more dense that he’s himself. A person, talking of his spouse to different males, all the time praises her extravagantly. Boasting about her soothes his self-importance; he likes to fire up the envy of his fellows. But when two ladies speak of their husbands it’s primarily atrocities that they describe. The most esteemed lady gossip is the one with the longest and most numerous repertoire of complaints.

    This craving for martyrdom explains one of many generally famous characters of ladies: their keen aptitude for bearing bodily ache. As now we have seen, they’ve truly a very good deal much less endurance than males; large accidents shock them extra severely and kill them extra rapidly. But when acute algesia is unaccompanied by any profounder phenomena they’re undoubtedly capable of bear it with a far larger present of resignation. The motive isn’t far to hunt. In ache a person sees solely an invasion of his liberty, power and shallowness. It flooring him, masters him, and makes him ridiculous. But a lady, extra refined and devious in her processes of thoughts, senses the dramatic impact that the spectacle of her struggling makes upon the spectators, already full of compassion for her feebleness. She would thus a lot somewhat be praised for dealing with ache with a martyr’s fortitude than for devising some technique of eliminating it–the first considered a person. No lady might have invented chloroform, nor, for that matter, alcohol. Both medicine supply an escape from conditions and experiences that, even in aggravated kinds, ladies relish. The lady who drinks as males drink—that’s, to boost her threshold of sensation and ease the agony of dwelling—almost all the time exhibits a deficiency in female characters and an undue preponderance of masculine characters. Almost invariably you can find her useless and boastful, and filled with different marks of that bombastic exhibitionism which is so sterlingly male.

    38. Pathological Effects

    This female yearning for martyrdom, in fact, usually takes on a downright pathological character, and so engages the psychiatrist. Women present many different traits of the identical type. To be a lady underneath our Christian civilization, certainly, means to dwell a life that’s heavy with repression and dissimulation, and this repression and dissimulation, in the long term, can not fail to provide results which are indistinguishable from illness. You will discover a few of them described at size in any handbook on psychoanalysis. The Viennese, Adler, and the Dane, Poul Bjerre, argue, certainly, that womanliness itself, as it’s encountered underneath Christianity, is a illness. All ladies endure from a suppressed revolt in opposition to the inhibitions pressured upon them by our synthetic tradition, and this suppressed revolt, by well-known Freudian means, produces a posh of psychological signs that’s acquainted to all of us. At one finish of the size we observe the suffragette, along with her grotesque adoption of the male perception in legal guidelines, phrases and talismans, and her hysterical demand for a sexual libertarianism that she couldn’t put to make use of if she had it. And on the different finish we discover the snuffling and neurotic lady, along with her bogus martyrdom, her extravagant pruderies and her pathological delusions. As Ibsen noticed way back, it is a man’s world. Women have damaged a lot of their outdated chains, however they’re nonetheless enmeshed in a formidable community of artificial taboos and sentimentalities, and it’ll take them one other era, no less than, to get real freedom. That that is true is proven by the deep unrest that but marks the intercourse, regardless of its latest progress towards social, political and financial equality. It is nearly unattainable to discover a man who actually needs that he had been a lady, however virtually each lady, at a while or different in her life, is gnawed by a remorse that she isn’t a person.

    Two of the toughest issues that ladies need to bear are (a) the silly masculine disinclination to confess their mental superiority, and even their equality, and even their possession of a standard human gear for thought, and (b) the equally silly masculine doctrine that they represent a particular and ineffable species of vertebrate, with out the pure instincts and appetites of the order—to adapt a phrase from Hackle, that they’re transcendental and virtually gaseous mammals, and marked by a whole lack of sure salient mammalian characters. The first imbecility has already involved us at size. One finds traces of it even in works professedly dedicated to disposing of it. In one such guide, for instance, I come across this: “What all the skill and constructive capacity of the physicians in the Crimean War failed to accomplish Florence Nightingale accomplished by her beautiful femininity and nobility of soul.” In different phrases, by her possession of some recondite and indescribable magic, sharply separated from the unusual psychological processes of man. The idea is unsound and preposterous. Miss Nightingale completed her helpful work, not by magic, however by onerous widespread sense. The drawback earlier than her was merely considered one of group. Many males had tackled it, and all of them had failed stupendously. What she did was to convey her female sharpness of wit, her female clear-thinking, to bear upon it. Thus attacked, it yielded rapidly, and as soon as it had been dropped at order it was simple for different individuals to hold on what she had begun. But the opinion of a person’s world nonetheless prefers to credit score her success to some mysterious angelical high quality, unstatable in lucid phrases and having no extra actuality than the divine inspiration of an archbishop. Her terribly acute and correct intelligence is thus conveniently put upon the desk, and the amour propre of man is stored inviolate. To confess frankly that she had extra sense than any male Englishman of her era can be to utter a reality too harsh to be bearable.

    The second delusion generally exhibits itself within the idea, already mentioned, that ladies are devoid of any intercourse intuition—that they undergo the odious caresses of the lubricious male solely by a strong effort of the need, and with the only object of discharging their responsibility to posterity. It can be unattainable to enter this delusion with correct candour and at due size in a piece designed for studying aloud within the home circle; all I can do is to refer the scholar to the books of any competent authority on the psychology of intercourse, say Ellis, or to the confidences (if they’re obtainable) of any complaisant bachelor of his acquaintance.

    39. Women as Christians

    The glad tidings preached by Christ had been clearly extremely beneficial to ladies. He lifted them to equality earlier than the Lord when their very possession of souls was nonetheless doubted by the vast majority of rival theologians. Moreover, He esteemed them socially and set worth upon their sagacity, and one of the crucial disdained of their intercourse, a girl previously in public life, was amongst His common advisers. Mariolatry is thus on no account the invention of the mediaeval popes, as Protestant theologians would have us imagine. On the opposite, it’s plainly discernible within the Four Gospels. What the mediaeval popes truly invented (or, to be exact, reinvented, for they merely borrowed the weather of it from St. Paul) was the doctrine of ladies’s inferiority, the exact reverse of the factor credited to them. Committed, for sound causes of self-discipline, to the celibacy of the clergy, they needed to assist it by depicting all visitors with ladies within the mild of a hazardous and ignominious enterprise. The consequence was the deliberate group and improvement of the idea of feminine triviality, lack of duty and normal looseness of thoughts. Woman turned a kind of satan, however with out the admired intelligence of the common demons. The look of ladies saints, nevertheless, provided a continuing and embarrassing criticism of this idiotic doctrine. If occasional ladies had been match to take a seat upon the appropriate hand of God—and so they had been usually proving it, and forcing the church to acknowledge it—then certainly all ladies couldn’t be as dangerous because the books made them out. There thus arose the idea of the angelic lady, the pure vestal; we see her at full size within the romances of mediaeval chivalry. What emerged in the long run was a kind of double doctrine, first that ladies had been devils and secondly that they had been angels. This preposterous dualism has merged, as now we have seen, right into a compromise dogma in fashionable instances. By that dogma it’s held, on the one hand, that ladies are unintelligent and immoral, and alternatively, that they’re free from all these weaknesses of the flesh which distinguish males. This, roughly talking, is the notion of the typical male numskull at the moment.

    Christianity has thus each libelled ladies and flattered them, however with the load all the time on the facet of the libel. It is subsequently, at backside, their enemy, as the faith of Christ, now wholly extinct, was their pal. And as they steadily throw off the shackles which have certain them for a thousand years they present appreciation of the actual fact. Women, certainly, usually are not naturally spiritual, and they’re rising much less and fewer spiritual as 12 months chases 12 months. Their unusual devotion has little if any pious exaltation in it; it’s a routine apply, power on them by the masculine notion that an look of holiness is correct to their lowly station, and a masculine feeling that church-going in some way retains them so as, and out of doings that may be much less reassuring. When they exhibit any real spiritual fervour, its sexual character is normally so apparent that even the vast majority of males are cognizant of it. Women by no means go flocking ecstatically to a church during which the agent of God within the pulpit is an aged asthmatic with a watchful spouse. When one finds them pushed to frenzies by the deserves of the saints, and weeping over the sorrows of the heathen, and dashing out to haul the entire vicinage as much as grace, and spending hours on their knees in hysterical abasement earlier than the heavenly throne, it’s fairly protected to imagine, even with out an precise go to, that the ecclesiastic who has labored the miracle is a good and toothsome fellow, and a very good deal extra aphrodisiacal than discovered. All the good preachers to ladies in fashionable instances have been males of suave and ingratiating behavior, and the good majority of them, from Henry Ward Beecher up and down, have been taken, quickly or late, in transactions way more appropriate to the boudoir than to the footstool of the Almighty. Their well-known killings have all the time been made among the many silliest kind of ladies—the type, briefly, who fall so wanting the traditional acumen of their intercourse that they’re bemused by mere magnificence in males.

    Such ladies are in a minority, and so the intercourse exhibits a very good deal fewer spiritual lovers per mille than the intercourse of sentiment and perception. Attending, a number of years in the past, the gladiatorial exhibits of the Rev. Dr. Billy Sunday, the celebrated American pulpit-clown, I used to be always struck by the good preponderance of males within the pen dedicated to the saved. Men of all ages and in monumental numbers got here swarming to the altar, loudly bawling for assist in opposition to their sins, however the ladies had been something however quite a few, and the few who appeared had been mainly both chlorotic adolescents or pathetic outdated Saufschwestern. For six nights working I sat straight beneath the gifted exhorter with out seeing a single feminine convert of what statisticians name the child-bearing age—that’s, the age of most intelligence and attraction. Among the male simpletons bagged by his yells throughout this time had been the president of a railroad, half a dozen wealthy bankers and retailers, and the previous governor of an American state. But not a lady of comparable place or dignity. Not a lady that any self-respecting bachelor would care to chuck underneath the chin.

    This cynical view of non secular emotionalism, and with it of the entire inventory of ecclesiastical balderdash, might be accountable, no less than partially, for the reluctance of ladies to enter upon the sacerdotal profession. In these Christian sects which nonetheless bar them from the pulpit—normally on the imperfectly hid floor that they don’t seem to be equal to its alleged calls for upon the morals and the mind—one by no means hears of them protesting in opposition to the prohibition; they’re fairly content material to depart the degrading imposture to males, who’re higher fitted for it by expertise and conscience. And in these baroque sects, mainly American, which admit them they present no eagerness to placed on the stole and chasuble. When the primary clergywoman appeared within the United States, it was predicted by alarmists that males can be pushed out of the pulpit by the brand new competitors. Nothing of the type has occurred, neither is it in prospect. The complete corps of feminine divines within the nation is likely to be herded into one small room. Women, when literate in any respect, are far too clever to make efficient ecclesiastics. Their sharp sense of actuality is in limitless opposition to the entire sacerdotal masquerade, and their cynical humour stands in opposition to the snorting that’s inseparable from pulpit oratory.

    Those ladies who enter upon the spiritual life are virtually invariably moved by some motive distinct from mere pious irritation. It is a commonplace, certainly, that, in Catholic international locations, ladies are pushed into convents by financial concerns or by disasters of amour far oftener than they’re drawn there by the hope of heaven. Read the lives of the feminine saints, and you will notice what number of of them tried marriage and failed at it earlier than ever they turned to faith. In Protestant lands only a few ladies undertake it as a occupation in any respect, and among the many few a secular impulse is nearly all the time seen. The woman who’s out of the blue overcome by a want to minister to the heathen in international lands is almost invariably discovered, on inspection, to be a woman harbouring a idea that it might be agreeable to marry some heroic missionary. In level of reality, she duly marries him. At house, maybe, she has discovered it unattainable to get a husband, however within the remoter marches of China, Senegal and Somaliland, with no white competitors current, it’s equally unattainable to fail.

    40. Piety as a Social Habit

    What stays of the alleged piety of ladies is little greater than a social behavior, bolstered in most communities by a paucity of different and extra inviting divertissements. If you may have ever noticed the ladies of Spain and Italy at their devotions you needn’t be advised how a lot the worship of God could also be a mere excuse for rest and gossip. These ladies, of their each day lives, are surrounded by a formidable community of mediaeval taboos; their regular human want for ease and freedom in intercourse is opposed by masculine mistrust and superstition; they meet no strangers; they see and listen to nothing new. In the home of the Most High they escape from that vexing routine. Here they might brush shoulders with a crowd. Here, so to talk, they might crane their psychological necks and stretch their non secular legs. Here, above all, they might come into some kind of contact with males comparatively extra affable, cultured and charming than their husbands and fathers—to wit, with the rev. clergy.

    Elsewhere in Christendom, although ladies usually are not fairly so relentlessly watched and penned up, they really feel a lot the identical want of selection and pleasure, and each are likewise on faucet within the temples of the Lord. No one, I’m positive, want be advised that the typical missionary society or church stitching circle isn’t primarily a non secular group. Its precise function is exactly that of the absurd golf equipment and secret orders to which the decrease and least resourceful lessons of males belong: it gives a way of refreshment, of self-expression, of non-public show, of political manipulation and boasting, and, if the pastor occurs to be attention-grabbing, of discreet and virtually lawful intrigue. In the course of a life largely dedicated to the research of pietistic phenomena, I’ve by no means met a single lady who cared an genuine rattling for the precise heathen. The attraction of their salvation is all the time virtually purely social. Women go to church for a similar motive that farmers and convicts go to church.

    Finally, there’s the aesthetic lure. Religion, in most components of Christendom, holds out the one bait of magnificence that the inhabitants are ever cognizant of. It gives music, dim lights, comparatively formidable structure, eloquence, formality and thriller, the caressing meaninglessness that’s on the coronary heart of poetry. Women are way more conscious of such issues than males, who’re ordinarily fairly as devoid of aesthetic sensitiveness as so many oxen. The angle of the everyday man towards magnificence in its numerous kinds is, the truth is, an angle of suspicion and hostility. He doesn’t regard a murals as merely inert and silly; he regards it as, in some indefinable manner, positively offensive. He sees the artist as knowledgeable voluptuary and scoundrel, and would no extra belief him in his family than he would belief a colored clergyman in his hen-yard. It was males, and never ladies, who invented such sordid and literal faiths as these of the Mennonites, Dunkards, Wesleyans and Scotch Presbyterians, with their antipathy to stunning ritual, their obscene buttonholing of God, their nice expertise for decreasing the ineffable thriller of faith to a mere bawling of idiots. The regular lady, in as far as she has any faith in any respect, strikes irresistibly towards Catholicism, with its poetical obscurantism. The evangelical Protestant sects have a tough time holding her. She can no extra be an precise Methodist than a gentleman is usually a Methodist.

    This inclination towards magnificence, in fact, is dismissed by the typical male blockhead as not more than a feeble sentimentality. The reality is that it’s exactly the other. It is definitely not sentimentality to be moved by the stately and mysterious ceremony of the mass, and even, say, by these timid imitations of it which one observes in sure Protestant church buildings. Such proceedings, no matter their defects from the standpoint of a pure aesthetic, are in any respect occasions vastly extra stunning than any of the personal acts of the people who participate in them. They raise themselves above the barren utilitarianism of on a regular basis life, and no much less above the maudlin sentimentalities that males search pleasure in. They supply a way of escape, handy and alluring, from that sordid routine of thought and occupation which ladies revolt in opposition to so pertinaciously.

    41. The Ethics of Women

    I’ve mentioned that the faith preached by Jesus (now wholly extinct on the planet) was extremely beneficial to ladies. This was not saying, in fact, that ladies have repaid the praise by adopting it. They are, the truth is, detached Christians within the primitive sense, simply as they’re dangerous Christians within the antagonistic fashionable sense, and significantly on the facet of ethics. If they really settle for the renunciations commanded by the Sermon on the Mount, it’s only in an effort to flout their substance underneath cowl of their look. No lady is actually humble; she is merely politic. No lady, with a free selection earlier than her, chooses self-immolation; probably the most she genuinely needs in that route is a spectacular martyrdom. No lady delights in poverty. No lady yields when she will be able to prevail. No lady is actually meek.

    In their sensible ethics, certainly, ladies pay little heed to the precepts of the Founder of Christianity, and the actual fact has handed into proverb. Their gentleness, just like the so-called honour of males, is seen solely in conditions which provide them no menace. The second a lady finds herself confronted by an antagonist genuinely harmful, both to her personal safety or to the well-being of these underneath her safety—say a baby or a husband—she shows a bellicosity which stops at nothing, nevertheless outrageous. In the courts of legislation one sometimes encounters a male extremist who tells the reality, the entire reality and nothing however the reality, even when it’s in opposition to his trigger, however no such lady has ever been on view for the reason that days of Justinian. It is, certainly, an axiom of the bar that ladies invariably lie upon the stand, and the entire effort of a barrister who has one for a shopper is dedicated to protecting her inside bounds, that the obtuse suspicions of the male jury is probably not unduly aroused. Women litigants virtually all the time win their instances, not, as is often assumed, as a result of the jurymen fall in love with them, however merely and solely as a result of they’re clear-headed, resourceful, implacable and with out qualms.

    What is right here seen within the halls of justice, within the face of an unlimited technical gear for combating lying, is ten instances extra apparent in freer fields. Any man who’s so unlucky as to have a critical controversy with a lady, say within the departments of finance, theology or amour, should inevitably carry away from it a way of getting handed by means of a harmful and virtually ugly expertise. Women not solely chew within the clinches; they chew even in open combating; they’ve a dental attain, so to talk, of fantastic size. No assault is so determined that they won’t undertake it, as soon as they’re aroused; no system is so unfair and horrifying that it stays them. In my early days, needing to enhance my prose, I served for a 12 months or in order reporter for a newspaper in a police courtroom, and through that point I heard maybe 4 hundred instances of so-called wife-beating. The husbands, of their defence, virtually invariably pleaded justification, and a few of them advised such tales of studied atrocity on the home fireplace, each psychic and bodily, that the discovered Justice of the Peace discharged them with tears in his eyes and the very catchpolls within the courtroom needed to blow their noses. Many extra males than ladies go insane, and lots of extra married males than single males. The reality puzzles nobody who has had the identical alternative that I needed to discover out what goes on, 12 months in and 12 months out, behind the doorways of apparently glad properties. A lady, if she hates her husband (and lots of of them do), could make life so bitter and obnoxious to him that even loss of life upon the gallows appears candy by comparability. This hatred, in fact, is usually, and maybe virtually invariably, fairly justified. To be the spouse of an unusual man, certainly, is an expertise that should be very onerous to bear. The hollowness and self-importance of the guy, his petty meanness and stupidity, his puling sentimentality and credulity, his bombastic air of a cock on a dunghill, his anaesthesia to all whispers and summonings of the spirit, above all, his loathsome clumsiness in amour—all these items should revolt any lady above the bottom. To be the article of the oafish affections of such a creature, even when they’re trustworthy and profound, can’t be anticipated to present any real pleasure to a lady of sense and refinement. His efficiency as a gallant, as Honor de Balzac way back noticed, unescapably suggests a gorilla’s efforts to play the violin. Women survive the tragicomedy solely by dint of their nice capability for play-acting. They are capable of act so realistically that always they deceive even themselves; the typical lady’s contentment, certainly, is not more than a tribute to her histrionism. But there should be innumerable revolts in secret, even so, and one generally wonders that so few ladies, with the factor so facile and so protected, poison their husbands. Perhaps it’s not fairly as uncommon as important statistics make it out; the deathrate amongst husbands could be very a lot increased than amongst wives. More than as soon as, certainly, I’ve gone to the funeral of an acquaintance who died out of the blue, and noticed a curious glitter within the eyes of the inconsolable widow.

    Even on this age of emancipation, regular ladies have few critical transactions in life save with their husbands and potential husbands; the enterprise of marriage is their dominant concern from adolescence to senility. When they step outdoors their recurring circle they present the identical alert and keen wariness that they exhibit inside it. A person who has dealings with them should hold his wits about him, and even when he’s most cautious he’s usually flabbergasted by their sudden and unconscionable forays. Whenever lady goes into commerce she rapidly will get a status as a pointy dealer. Every little city in America has its Hetty Green, every sweating blood from turnips, every the phobia of all of the male usurers of the neighbourhood. The man who tackles such an amazon of barter takes his fortune into his arms; he has little extra likelihood of success in opposition to the female approach in enterprise than he has in opposition to the female approach in marriage. In each arenas the benefit of ladies lies of their freedom from sentimentality. In enterprise they deal with themselves wholly to their very own revenue, and provides no thought no matter to the hopes, aspirations and amour propre of their antagonists. And within the duel of intercourse they fence, to not make factors, however to disable and disarm. A person, when he succeeds in throwing off a lady who has tried to marry him, all the time carries away a maudlin sympathy for her in her defeat and dismay. But nobody ever heard of a lady who pitied the poor fellow whose trustworthy ardour she had discovered it expedient to spurn. On the opposite, ladies take enjoyment of such clownish agonies, and exhibit them proudly, and boast about them to different ladies.

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  • The War Between the Sexes – The Feminine Attitude, The Male Beauty, Men as Aesthetes and The Process of Delusion

    The War Between the Sexes – The Feminine Attitude, The Male Beauty, Men as Aesthetes and The Process of Delusion

     

    6. How Marriages are Arranged

    I have said that women are not sentimental, i.e., not prone to permit mere emotion and illusion to corrupt their estimation of a situation. The doctrine, perhaps, will raise a protest. The theory that they are is itself a favourite sentimentality; one sentimentality will be brought up to substantiate another; dog will eat dog. But an appeal to a few obvious facts will be enough to sustain my contention, despite the vast accumulation of romantic rubbish to the contrary.

    Turn, for example, to the field in which the two sexes come most constantly into conflict, and in which, as a result, their habits of mind are most clearly contrasted—to the field, to wit, of monogamous marriage. Surely no long argument is needed to demonstrate the superior competence and effectiveness of women here, and therewith their greater self-possession, their saner weighing of considerations, their higher power of resisting emotional suggestion. The very fact that marriages occur at all is a proof, indeed, that they are more cool-headed than men, and more adept in employing their intellectual resources, for it is plainly to a man’s interest to avoid marriage as long as possible, and as plainly to a woman’s interest to make a favourable marriage as soon as she can. The efforts of the two sexes are thus directed, in one of the capital concerns of life, to diametrically antagonistic ends. Which side commonly prevails? I leave the verdict to the jury. All normal men fight the thing off; some men are successful for relatively long periods; a few extraordinarily intelligent and courageous men (or perhaps lucky ones) escape altogether. But, taking one generation with another, as every one knows, the average man is duly married and the average woman gets a husband. Thus the great majority of women, in this clear-cut and endless conflict, make manifest their substantial superiority to the great majority of men.

    Not many men, worthy of the name, gain anything of net value by marriage, at least as the institution is now met with in Christendom. Even assessing its benefits at their most inflated worth, they are plainly overborne by crushing disadvantages. When a man marries it is no more than a sign that the feminine talent for persuasion and intimidation—i.e., the feminine talent for survival in a world of clashing concepts and desires, the feminine competence and intelligence—has forced him into a more or less abhorrent compromise with his own honest inclinations and best interests. Whether that compromise be a sign of his relative stupidity or of his relative cowardice it is all one: the two things, in their symptoms and effects, are almost identical. In the first case he marries because he has been clearly bowled over in a combat of wits; in the second he resigns himself to marriage as the safest form of liaison. In both cases his inherent sentimentality is the chief weapon in the hand of his opponent. It makes him cherish the fiction of his enterprise, and even of his daring, in the midst of the most crude and obvious operations against him. It makes him accept as real the bold play-acting that women always excel at, and at no time more than when stalking a man. It makes him, above all, see a glamour of romance in a transaction which, even at its best, contains almost as much gross trafficking, at bottom, as the sale of a mule.

    A man in full possession of the modest faculties that nature commonly apportions to him is at least far enough above idiocy to realize that marriage is a bargain in which he gets the worse of it, even when, in some detail or other, he makes a visible gain. He never, I believe, wants all that the thing offers and implies. He wants, at most, no more than certain parts. He may desire, let us say, a housekeeper to protect his goods and entertain his friends—but he may shrink from the thought of sharing his bathtub with anyone, and home cooking may be downright poisonous to him. He may yearn for a son to pray at his tomb—and yet suffer acutely at the mere approach of relatives-in-law. He may dream of a beautiful and complaisant mistress, less exigent and mercurial than any a bachelor may hope to discover—and stand aghast at admitting her to his bank-book, his family-tree and his secret ambitions. He may want company and not intimacy, or intimacy and not company. He may want a cook and not a partner in his business, or a partner in his business and not a cook. But in order to get the precise thing or things that he wants, he has to take a lot of other things that he doesn’t want—that no sane man, in truth, could imaginably want—and it is to the enterprise of forcing him into this almost Armenian bargain that the woman of his “choice” addresses herself. Once the game is fairly set, she searches out his weaknesses with the utmost delicacy and accuracy, and plays upon them with all her superior resources. He carries a handicap from the start. His sentimental and unintelligent belief in theories that she knows quite well are not true—e.g., the theory that she shrinks from him, and is modestly appalled by the banal carnalities of marriage itself—gives her a weapon against him which she drives home with instinctive and compelling art. The moment she discerns this sentimentality bubbling within him—that is, the moment his oafish smirks and eye rollings signify that he has achieved the intellectual disaster that is called falling in love—he is hers to do with as she will. Save for acts of God, he is forthwith as good as married.

    7. The Feminine Attitude

    This sentimentality in marriage is seldom, if ever, observed in women. For reasons that we shall examine later, they have much more to gain by the business than men, and so they are prompted by their cooler sagacity to enter upon it on the most favourable terms possible, and with the minimum admixture of disarming emotion. Men almost invariably get their mates by the process called falling in love; save among the aristocracies of the North and Latin men, the marriage of convenience is relatively rare; a hundred men marry “beneath” them to every woman who perpetrates the same folly. And what is meant by this so-called falling in love? What is meant by it is a procedure whereby a man accounts for the fact of his marriage, after feminine initiative and generalship have made it inevitable, by enshrouding it in a purple maze of romance—in brief, by setting up the doctrine that an obviously self-possessed and mammalian woman, engaged deliberately in the most important adventure of her life, and with the keenest understanding of its utmost implications, is a naive, tender, moony and almost disembodied creature, enchanted and made perfect by a passion that has stolen upon her unawares, and which she could not acknowledge, even to herself, without blushing to death. By this preposterous doctrine, the defeat and enslavement of the man is made glorious, and even gifted with a touch of flattering naughtiness. The sheer horsepower of his wooing has assailed and overcome her maiden modesty; she trembles in his arms; he has been granted a free franchise to work his wicked will upon her. Thus do the ambulant images of God cloak their shackles proudly, and divert the judicious with their boastful shouts.

    Women, it is almost needless to point out, are much more cautious about embracing the conventional hocus-pocus of the situation. They never acknowledge that they have fallen in love, as the phrase is, until the man has formally avowed the delusion, and so cut off his retreat; to do otherwise would be to bring down upon their heads the mocking and contumely of all their sisters. With them, falling in love thus appears in the light of an afterthought, or, perhaps more accurately, in the light of a contagion. The theory, it would seem, is that the love of the man, laboriously avowed, has inspired it instantly, and by some unintelligible magic; that it was non-existent until the heat of his own flames set it off. This theory, it must be acknowledged, has a certain element of fact in it. A woman seldom allows herself to be swayed by emotion while the principal business is yet afoot and its issue still in doubt; to do so would be to expose a degree of imbecility that is confined only to the half-wits of the sex. But once the man is definitely committed, she frequently unbends a bit, if only as a relief from the strain of a fixed purpose, and so, throwing off her customary inhibitions, she, indulges in the luxury of a more or less forced and mawkish sentiment. It is, however, almost unheard of for her to permit herself this relaxation before the sentimental intoxication of the man is assured. To do otherwise—that is, to confess, even post facto, to an anterior descent,—would expose her, as I have said, to the scorn of all other women. Such a confession would be an admission that emotion had got the better of her at a critical intellectual moment, and in the eyes of women, as in the eyes of the small minority of genuinely intelligent men, no treason to the higher cerebral centres could be more disgraceful.

    8. The Male Beauty

    This disdain of sentimental weakness, even in those higher reaches where it is mellowed by aesthetic sensibility, is well revealed by the fact that women are seldom bemused by mere beauty in men. Save on the stage, the handsome fellow has no appreciable advantage in amour over his more Gothic brother. In real life, indeed, he is viewed with the utmost suspicion by all women save the most stupid. In him the vanity native to his sex is seen to mount to a degree that is positively intolerable. It not only irritates by its very nature; it also throws about him a sort of unnatural armour, and so makes him resistant to the ordinary approaches. For this reason, the matrimonial enterprises of the more reflective and analytical sort of women are almost always directed to men whose lack of pulchritude makes them easier to bring down, and, what is more important still, easier to hold down. The weight of opinion among women is decidedly against the woman who falls in love with an Apollo. She is regarded, at best, as flighty creature, and at worst, as one pushing bad taste to the verge of indecency. Such weaknesses are resigned to women approaching senility, and to the more ignoble variety of women labourers. A shop girl, perhaps, may plausibly fall in love with a moving-picture actor, and a half-idiotic old widow may succumb to a youth with shoulders like the Parthenon, but no woman of poise and self-respect, even supposing her to be transiently flustered by a lovely buck, would yield to that madness for an instant, or confess it to her dearest friend. Women know how little such purely superficial values are worth. The voice of their order, the first taboo of their freemasonry, is firmly against making a sentimental debauch of the serious business of marriage.

    This disdain of the pretty fellow is often accounted for by amateur psychologists on the ground that women are anesthetic to beauty—that they lack the quick and delicate responsiveness of man. Nothing could be more absurd. Women, in point of fact, commonly have a far keener aesthetic sense than men. Beauty is more important to them; they give more thought to it; they crave more of it in their immediate surroundings. The average man, at least in England and America, takes a sort of bovine pride in his anaesthesia to the arts; he can think of them only as sources of tawdry and somewhat discreditable amusement; one seldom hears of him showing half the enthusiasm for any beautiful thing that his wife displays in the presence, of a fine fabric, an effective colour, or a graceful form, say in millinery.

    The truth is that women are resistant to so-called beauty in men for the simple and sufficient reason that such beauty is chiefly imaginary. A truly beautiful man, indeed, is as rare as a truly beautiful piece of jewelry. What men mistake for beauty in themselves is usually nothing save a certain hollow gaudiness, a revolting flashiness, the superficial splendour of a prancing animal. The most lovely moving picture actor, considered in the light of genuine aesthetic values, is no more than a piece of vulgarity; his like is to be found, not in the Uffizi gallery or among the harmonies of Brahms, but among the plush sofas, rococo clocks and hand-painted oil-paintings of a third-rate auction room. All women, save the least intelligent, penetrate this imposture with sharp eyes. They know that the human body, except for a brief time in infancy, is not a beautiful thing, but a hideous thing. Their own bodies give them no delight; it is their constant effort to disguise and conceal them; they never expose them aesthetically, but only as an act of the grossest sexual provocation. If it were advertised that a troupe of men of easy virtue were to appear half-clothed upon a public stage, exposing their chests, thighs, arms and calves, the only women who would go to the entertainment would be a few delayed adolescents, a psychopathic old maid or two, and a guard of indignant members of the parish Ladies Aid Society.

    9. Men as Aesthetes

    Men show no such sagacious apprehension of the relatively feeble loveliness of the human frame. The most effective lure that a woman can hold out to a man is the lure of what he fatuously conceives to be her beauty. This so-called beauty, of course, is almost always a pure illusion. The female body, even at its best is very defective in form; it has harsh curves and very clumsily distributed masses; compared to it the average milk-jug, or even cuspidor, is a thing of intelligent and gratifying design—in brief, an objet d’art. The fact was curiously (and humorously) display during the late war, when great numbers of women in all the belligerent countries began putting on uniforms. Instantly they appeared in public in their grotesque burlesques of the official garb of aviators, elevator boys, bus conductors, train guards, and so on, their deplorable deficiency in design was unescapably revealed. A man, save he be fat, i.e., of womanish contours, usually looks better in uniform than in mufti; the tight lines set off his figure.

    But a woman is at once given away: she look like a dumbbell run over by an express train. Below the neck by the bow and below the waist astern there are two masses that simply refuse to fit into a balanced composition. Viewed from the side, she presents an exaggerated S bisected by an imperfect straight line, and so she inevitably suggests a drunken dollar-mark. Her ordinary clothing cunningly conceals this fundamental imperfection. It swathes those impossible masses in draperies soothingly uncertain of outline. But putting her into uniform is like stripping her. Instantly all her alleged beauty vanishes.

    Moreover, it is extremely rare to find a woman who shows even the modest sightliness that her sex is theoretically capable of; it is only the rare beauty who is even tolerable. The average woman, until art comes to her aid, is ungraceful, misshapen, badly calved and crudely articulated, even for a woman. If she has a good torso, she is almost sure to be bow-legged. If she has good legs, she is almost sure to have bad teeth. If she has good teeth, she is almost sure to have scrawny hands, or muddy eyes, or hair like oakum, or no chin. A woman who meets fair tests all ’round is so uncommon that she becomes a sort of marvel, and usually gains a livelihood by exhibiting herself as such, either on the stage, in the half-world, or as the private jewel of some wealthy connoisseur.

    But this lack of genuine beauty in women lays on them no practical disadvantage in the primary business of their sex, for its effects are more than overborne by the emotional suggestibility, the herculean capacity for illusion, the almost total absence of critical sense of men. Men do not demand genuine beauty, even in the most modest doses; they are quite content with the mere appearance of beauty. That is to say, they show no talent whatever for differentiating between the artificial and the real. A film of face powder, skilfully applied, is as satisfying to them as an epidermis of damask. The hair of a dead Chinaman, artfully dressed and dyed, gives them as much delight as the authentic tresses of Venus. A false hip intrigues them as effectively as the soundest one of living fascia. A pretty frock fetches them quite as surely and securely as lovely legs, shoulders, hands or eyes. In brief, they estimate women, and hence acquire their wives, by reckoning up purely superficial aspects, which is just as intelligent as estimating an egg by purely superficial aspects. They never go behind the returns; it never occurs to them to analyze the impressions they receive. The result is that many a man, deceived by such paltry sophistications, never really sees his wife—that if, as God is supposed to see her, and as the embalmer will see her—until they have been married for years. All the tricks may be infantile and obvious, but in the face of so naive a spectator the temptation to continue practising them is irresistible. A trained nurse tells me that even when undergoing the extreme discomforts of parturition the great majority of women continue to modify their complexions with pulverized talcs, and to give thought to the arrangement of their hair. Such transparent devices, to be sure, reduce the psychologist to a sour sort of mirth, and yet it must be plain that they suffice to entrap and make fools of men, even the most discreet. I know of no man, indeed, who is wholly resistant to female beauty, and I know of no man, even among those engaged professionally by aesthetic problems, who habitually and automatically distinguishes the genuine, from the imitation. He may do it now and then; he may even preen himself upon his unusual discrimination; but given the right woman and the right stage setting, and he will be deceived almost as readily as a yokel fresh from the cabbage-field.

    10. The Process of Delusion

    Such poor fools, rolling their eyes in appraisement of such meagre female beauty as is on display in Christendom, bring to their judgments a capacity but slightly greater than that a cow would bring to the estimation of epistemologies. They are so unfitted for the business that they are even unable to agree upon its elements. Let one such man succumb to the plaster charms of some prancing miss, and all his friends will wonder what is the matter with him. No two are in accord as to which is the most beautiful woman in their own town or street. Turn six of them loose in millinery shop or the parlour of a bordello, and there will be no dispute whatsoever; each will offer the crown of love and beauty to a different girl.

    And what aesthetic deafness, dumbness and blindness thus open the way for, vanity instantly reinforces. That is to say, once a normal man has succumbed to the meretricious charms of a definite fair one (or, more accurately, once a definite fair one has marked him out and grabbed him by the nose), he defends his choice with all the heat and steadfastness appertaining to the defense of a point of the deepest honour. To tell a man flatly that his wife is not beautiful, or even that his stenographer or manicurist is not beautiful, is so harsh and intolerable an insult to his taste that even an enemy seldom ventures upon it. One would offend him far less by arguing that his wife is an idiot. One would relatively speaking, almost caress him by spitting into his eye. The ego of the male is simply unable to stomach such an affront. It is a weapon as discreditable as the poison of the Borgias.

    Thus, on humane grounds, a conspiracy of silence surrounds the delusion of female beauty, and so its victim is permitted to get quite as much delight out of it as if it were sound. The baits he swallows most are not edible and nourishing baits, but simply bright and gaudy ones. He succumbs to a pair of well-managed eyes, a graceful twist of the body, a synthetic complexion or a skilful display of ankles without giving the slightest thought to the fact that a whole woman is there, and that within the cranial cavity of the woman lies a brain, and that the idiosyncrasies of that brain are of vastly more importance than all imaginable physical stigmata combined. Those idiosyncrasies may make for amicable relations in the complex and difficult bondage called marriage; they may, on the contrary, make for joustings of a downright impossible character. But not many men, laced in the emotional maze preceding, are capable of any very clear examination of such facts. The truth is that they dodge the facts, even when they are favourable, and lay all stress upon the surrounding and concealing superficialities. The average stupid and sentimental man, if he has a noticeably sensible wife, is almost apologetic about it. The ideal of his sex is always a pretty wife, and the vanity and coquetry that so often go with prettiness are erected into charms. In other words, men play the love game so unintelligently that they often esteem a woman in proportion as she seems to disdain and make a mock of her intelligence. Women seldom, if ever, make that blunder. What they commonly value in a man is not mere showiness, whether physical or spiritual, but that compound of small capacities which makes up masculine efficiency and passes for masculine intelligence. This intelligence, at its highest, has a human value substantially equal to that of their own. In a man’s world it at least gets its definite rewards; it guarantees security, position, a livelihood; it is a commodity that is merchantable. Women thus accord it a certain respect, and esteem it in their husbands, and so seek it out.

    11. Biological Considerations

    So far as I can make out by experiments on laboratory animals and by such discreet vivisections as are possible under our laws, there is no biological necessity for the superior acumen and circumspection of women. That is to say, it does not lie in any anatomical or physiological advantage. The essential feminine machine is no better than the essential masculine machine; both are monuments to the maladroitness of a much over-praised Creator. Women, it would seem, actually have smaller brains than men, though perhaps not in proportion to weight. Their nervous responses, if anything, are a bit duller than those of men; their muscular coordinations are surely no prompter. One finds quite as many obvious botches among them; they have as many bodily blemishes; they are infested by the same microscopic parasites; their senses are as obtuse; their ears stand out as absurdly. Even assuming that their special malaises are wholly offset by the effects of alcoholism in the male, they suffer patently from the same adenoids, gastritis, cholelithiasis, nephritis, tuberculosis, carcinoma, arthritis and so on—in short, from the same disturbances of colloidal equilibrium that produce religion, delusions of grandeur, democracy, pyaemia, night sweats, the yearning to save humanity, and all other such distempers in men. They have, at bottom, the same weaknesses and appetites. They react in substantially the same way to all chemical and mechanical agents. A dose of hydrocyanic acid, administered per ora to the most sagacious woman imaginable, affects her just as swiftly and just as deleteriously as it affects a tragedian, a crossing-sweeper, or an ambassador to the Court of St. James. And once a bottle of Cote Rotie or Scharlachberger is in her, even the least emotional woman shows the same complex of sentimentalities that a man shows, and is as maudlin and idiotic as he is.

    Nay; the superior acumen and self-possession of women is not inherent in any peculiarity of their constitutions, and above all, not in any advantage of a purely physical character. Its springs are rather to be sought in a physical disadvantage—that is, in the mechanical inferiority of their frames, their relative lack of tractive capacity, their deficiency as brute engines. That deficiency, as every one knows, is partly a direct heritage from those females of the Pongo pygmaeus who were their probable fore-runners in the world; the same thing is to be observed in the females of almost all other species of mammals. But it is also partly due to the effects of use under civilization, and, above all, to what evolutionists call sexual selection. In other words, women were already measurably weaker than men at the dawn of human history, and that relative weakness has been progressively augmented in the interval by the conditions of human life. For one thing, the process of bringing forth young has become so much more exhausting as refinement has replaced savage sturdiness and callousness, and the care of them in infancy has become so much more onerous as the growth of cultural complexity has made education more intricate, that the two functions now lay vastly heavier burdens upon the strength and attention of a woman than they lay upon the strength and attention of any other female. And for another thing, the consequent disability and need of physical protection, by feeding and inflaming the already large vanity of man, have caused him to attach a concept of attractiveness to feminine weakness, so that he has come to esteem his woman, not in proportion as she is self-sufficient as a social animal but in proportion as she is dependent. In this vicious circle of influences women have been caught, and as a result their chief physical character today is their fragility. A woman cannot lift as much as a man. She cannot walk as far. She cannot exert as much mechanical energy in any other way. Even her alleged superior endurance, as Havelock Ellis has demonstrated in “Man and Woman,” is almost wholly mythical; she cannot, in point of fact, stand nearly so much hardship as a man can stand, and so the law, usually an ass, exhibits an unaccustomed accuracy of observation in its assumption that, whenever husband and wife are exposed alike to fatal suffering, say in a shipwreck, the wife dies first.

    So far we have been among platitudes. There is less of overt platitude in the doctrine that it is precisely this physical frailty that has given women their peculiar nimbleness and effectiveness on the intellectual side. Nevertheless, it is equally true. What they have done is what every healthy and elastic organism does in like case; they have sought compensation for their impotence in one field by employing their resources in another field to the utmost, and out of that constant and maximum use has come a marked enlargement of those resources. On the one hand the sum of them present in a given woman has been enormously increased by natural selection, so that every woman, so to speak, inherits a certain extra-masculine mental dexterity as a mere function of her femaleness. And on the other hand every woman, over and above this almost unescapable legacy from her actual grandmothers, also inherits admission to that traditional wisdom which constitutes the esoteric philosophy of woman as a whole. The virgin at adolescence is thus in the position of an unusually fortunate apprentice, for she is not only naturally gifted but also apprenticed to extraordinarily competent masters. While a boy at the same period is learning from his elders little more than a few empty technical tricks, a few paltry vices and a few degrading enthusiasms, his sister is under instruction in all those higher exercises of the wits that her special deficiencies make necessary to her security, and in particular in all those exercises which aim at overcoming the physical, and hence social and economic superiority of man by attacks upon his inferior capacity for clear reasoning, uncorrupted by illusion and sentimentality.

    12. Honour

    Here, it is obvious, the process of intellectual development takes colour from the Sklavenmoral, and is, in a sense, a product of it. The Jews, as Nietzsche has demonstrated, got their unusual intelligence by the same process; a contrary process is working in the case of the English and the Americans, and has begun to show itself in the case of the French and Germans. The sum of feminine wisdom that I have just mentioned—the body of feminine devices and competences that is handed down from generation to generation of women—is, in fact, made up very largely of doctrines and expedients that infallibly appear to the average sentimental man, helpless as he is before them, as cynical and immoral. He commonly puts this aversion into the theory that women have no sense of honour. The criticism, of course, is characteristically banal. Honour is a concept too tangled to be analyzed here, but it may be sufficient to point out that it is predicated upon a feeling of absolute security, and that, in that capital conflict between man and woman out of which rises most of man’s complaint of its absence—to wit, the conflict culminating in marriage, already described—the security of the woman is not something that is in actual being, but something that she is striving with all arms to attain. In such a conflict it must be manifest that honor can have no place. An animal fighting for its very existence uses all possible means of offence and defence, however foul. Even man, for all his boasting about honor, seldom displays it when he has anything of the first value at hazard. He is honorable, perhaps, in gambling, for gambling is a mere vice, but it is quite unusual for him to be honorable in business, for business is bread and butter. He is honorable (so long as the stake is trivial) in his sports, but he seldom permits honor to interfere with his perjuries in a lawsuit, or with hitting below the belt in any other sort of combat that is in earnest. The history of all his wars is a history of mutual allegations of dishonorable practices, and such allegations are nearly always well grounded. The best imitation of honor that he ever actually achieves in them is a highly self-conscious sentimentality which prompts him to be humane to the opponent who has been wounded, or disarmed, or otherwise made innocuous. Even here his so-called honor is little more than a form of playacting, both maudlin and dishonest. In the actual death-struggle he invariably bites.

    Perhaps one of the chief charms of woman lies precisely in the fact that they are dishonorable, i.e., that they are relatively uncivilized. In the midst of all the puerile repressions and inhibitions that hedge them round, they continue to show a gipsy spirit. No genuine woman ever gives a hoot for law if law happens to stand in the way of her private interest. She is essentially an outlaw, a rebel, what H. G. Wells calls a nomad. The boons of civilization are so noisily cried up by sentimentalists that we are all apt to overlook its disadvantages. Intrinsically, it is a mere device for regimenting men. Its perfect symbol is the goose-step. The most civilized man is simply that man who has been most successful in caging and harnessing his honest and natural instincts-that is, the man who has done most cruel violence to his own ego in the interest of the commonweal. The value of this commonweal is always overestimated. What is it at bottom? Simply the greatest good to the greatest number—of petty rogues, ignoramuses and poltroons.

    The capacity for submitting to and prospering comfortably under this cheese-monger’s civilization is far more marked in men than in women, and far more in inferior men than in men of the higher categories. It must be obvious to even so pathetic an ass as a university professor of history that very few of the genuinely first-rate men of the race have been, wholly civilized, in the sense that the term is employed in newspapers and in the pulpit. Think of Caesar, Bonaparte, Luther, Frederick the Great, Cromwell, Barbarossa, Innocent III, Bolivar, Hannibal, Alexander, and to come down to our own time, Grant, Stonewall Jackson, Bismarck, Wagner, Garibaldi and Cecil Rhodes.

    13. Women and the Emotions

    The fact that women have a greater capacity than men for controlling and concealing their emotions is not an indication that they are more civilized, but a proof that they are less civilized. This capacity, so rare today, and withal so valuable and worthy of respect, is a characteristic of savages, not of civilized men, and its loss is one of the penalties that the race has paid for the tawdry boon of civilization. Your true savage, reserved, dignified, and courteous, knows how to mask his feelings, even in the face of the most desperate assault upon them; your civilized man is forever yielding to them. Civilization, in fact, grows more and more maudlin and hysterical; especially under democracy it tends to degenerate into a mere combat of crazes; the whole aim of practical politics is to keep the populace alarmed (and hence clamorous to be led to safety) by an endless series of hobgoblins, most of them imaginary. Wars are no longer waged by the will of superior men, capable of judging dispassionately and intelligently the causes behind them and the effects flowing out of them. They are now begun by first throwing a mob into a panic; they are ended only when it has spent its ferine fury. Here the effect of civilization has been to reduce the noblest of the arts, once the repository of an exalted etiquette and the chosen avocation of the very best men of the race, to the level of a riot of peasants. All the wars of Christendom are now disgusting and degrading; the conduct of them has passed out of the hands of nobles and knights and into the hands of mob-orators, money-lenders, and atrocity-mongers. To recreate one’s self with war in the grand manner, as Prince Eugene, Marlborough and the Old Dessauer knew it, one must now go among barbarian peoples.

    Women are nearly always against war in modern times, for the reasons brought forward to justify it are usually either transparently dishonest or childishly sentimental, and hence provoke their scorn. But once the business is begun, they commonly favour its conduct outrance, and are thus in accord with the theory of the great captains of more spacious days. In Germany, during the late war, the protests against the Schrecklichkeit practised by the imperial army and navy did not come from women, but from sentimental men; in England and the United States there is no record that any woman ever raised her voice against the blockade which destroyed hundreds of thousands of German children. I was on both sides of the bloody chasm during the war, and I cannot recall meeting a single woman who subscribed to the puerile doctrine that, in so vast a combat between nations, there could still be categories of non-combatants, with a right of asylum on armed ships and in garrisoned towns. This imbecility was maintained only by men, large numbers of whom simultaneously took part in wholesale massacres of such non-combatants. The women were superior to such hypocrisy. They recognized the nature of modern war instantly and accurately, and advocated no disingenuous efforts to conceal it.

    14. Pseudo-Anaesthesia

    The feminine talent for concealing emotion is probably largely responsible for the common masculine belief that women are devoid of passion, and contemplate its manifestations in the male with something akin to trembling. Here the talent itself is helped out by the fact that very few masculine observers, on the occasions when they give attention to the matter, are in a state of mind conducive to exact observation. The truth is, of course, that there is absolutely no reason to believe that the normal woman is passionless, or that the minority of women who unquestionably are is of formidable dimensions. To be sure, the peculiar vanity of men, particularly in the Northern countries, makes them place a high value upon the virginal type of woman, and so this type tends to grow more common by sexual selection, but despite that fact, it has by no means superseded the normal type, so realistically described by the theologians and publicists of the Middle Ages. It would, however, be rash to assert that this long continued sexual selection has not made itself felt, even in the normal type. Its chief effect, perhaps, is to make it measurably easier for a woman to conquer and conceal emotion than it is for a man. But this is a mere reinforcement of a native quality or, at all events, a quality long antedating the rise of the curious preference just mentioned. That preference obviously owes its origin to the concept of private property and is most evident in those countries in which the largest proportion of males are property owners, i.e., in which the property-owning caste reaches down into the lowest conceivable strata of bounders and ignoramuses. The low-caste man is never quite sure of his wife unless he is convinced that she is entirely devoid of amorous susceptibility. Thus he grows uneasy whenever she shows any sign of responding in kind to his own elephantine emotions, and is apt to be suspicious of even so trivial a thing as a hearty response to a connubial kiss. If he could manage to rid himself of such suspicions, there would be less public gabble about anesthetic wives, and fewer books written by quacks with sure cures for them, and a good deal less cold-mutton formalism and boredom at the domestic hearth.

    I have a feeling that the husband of this sort—he is very common in the United States, and almost as common among the middle classes of England, Germany and Scandinavia—does himself a serious disservice, and that he is uneasily conscious of it. Having got himself a wife to his austere taste, he finds that she is rather depressing—that his vanity is almost as painfully damaged by her emotional inertness as it would have been by a too provocative and hedonistic spirit. For the thing that chiefly delights a man, when some woman has gone through the solemn buffoonery of yielding to his great love, is the sharp and flattering contrast between her reserve in the presence of other men and her enchanting complaisance in the presence of himself. Here his vanity is enormously tickled. To the world in general she seems remote and unapproachable; to him she is docile, fluttering, gurgling, even a bit abandoned. It is as if some great magnifico male, some inordinate czar or kaiser, should step down from the throne to play dominoes with him behind the door. The greater the contrast between the lady’s two fronts, the greater his satisfaction-up to, of course, the point where his suspicions are aroused. Let her diminish that contrast ever so little on the public side—by smiling at a handsome actor, by saying a word too many to an attentive head-waiter, by holding the hand of the rector of the parish, by winking amiably at his brother or at her sister’s husband—and at once the poor fellow begins to look for clandestine notes, to employ private inquiry agents, and to scrutinize the eyes, ears, noses and hair of his children with shameful doubts. This explains many domestic catastrophes.

    15. Mythical Anthropophagi

    The man-hating woman, like the cold woman, is largely imaginary. One often encounters references to her in literature, but who has ever met her in real life? As for me, I doubt that such a monster has ever actually existed. There are, of course, women who spend a great deal of time denouncing and reviling men, but these are certainly not genuine man-haters; they are simply women who have done their utmost to snare men, and failed. Of such sort are the majority of inflammatory suffragettes of the sex-hygiene and birth-control species. The rigid limitation of offspring, in fact, is chiefly advocated by women who run no more risk of having unwilling motherhood forced upon them than so many mummies of the Tenth Dynasty. All their unhealthy interest in such noisome matters has behind it merely a subconscious yearning to attract the attention of men, who are supposed to be partial to enterprises that are difficult or forbidden. But certainly the enterprise of dissuading such a propagandist from her gospel would not be difficult, and I know of no law forbidding it.

    I’ll begin to believe in the man-hater the day I am introduced to a woman who has definitely and finally refused a chance of marriage to a man who is of her own station in life, able to support her, unafflicted by any loathsome disease, and of reasonably decent aspect and manners—in brief a man who is thoroughly eligible. I doubt that any such woman breathes the air of Christendom. Whenever one comes to confidential terms with an unmarried woman, of course, she favours one with a long chronicle of the men she has refused to marry, greatly to their grief. But unsentimental cross-examination, at least in my experience, always develops the fact that every one of these suffered from some obvious and intolerable disqualification. Either he had a wife already and was vague about his ability to get rid of her, or he was drunk when he was brought to his proposal and repudiated it or forgot it the next day, or he was a bankrupt, or he was old and decrepit, or he was young and plainly idiotic, or he had diabetes or a bad heart, or his relatives were impossible, or he believed in spiritualism, or democracy, or the Baconian theory, or some other such nonsense. Restricting the thing to men palpably eligible, I believe thoroughly that no sane woman has ever actually muffed a chance. Now and then, perhaps, a miraculously fortunate girl has two victims on the mat simultaneously, and has to lose one. But they are seldom, if ever, both good chances; one is nearly always a duffer, thrown in in the telling to make the bourgeoisie marvel.

    16. A Conspiracy of Silence

    The reason why all this has to be stated here is simply that women, who could state it much better, have almost unanimously refrained from discussing such matters at all. One finds, indeed, a sort of general conspiracy, infinitely alert and jealous, against the publication of the esoteric wisdom of the sex, and even against the acknowledgment that any such body of erudition exists at all. Men, having more vanity and less discretion, area good deal less cautious. There is, in fact, a whole literature of masculine babbling, ranging from Machiavelli’s appalling confession of political theory to the egoistic confidences of such men as Nietzsche, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Casanova, Max Stirner, Benvenuto Cellini, Napoleon Bonaparte and Lord Chesterfield. But it is very rarely that a Marie Bashkirtsev or Margot Asquith lets down the veils which conceal the acroamatic doctrine of the other sex. It is transmitted from mother to daughter, so to speak, behind the door. One observes its practical workings, but hears little about its principles. The causes of this secrecy are obvious. Women, in the last analysis, can prevail against men in the great struggle for power and security only by keeping them disarmed, and, in the main, unwarned. In a pitched battle, with the devil taking the hindmost, their physical and economic inferiority would inevitably bring them to disaster. Thus they have to apply their peculiar talents warily, and with due regard to the danger of arousing the foe. He must be attached without any formal challenge, and even without any suspicion of challenge. This strategy lies at the heart of what Nietzsche called the slave morality—in brief, a morality based upon a concealment of egoistic purpose, a code of ethics having for its foremost character a bold denial of its actual aim.

    Extract from IN DEFENSE OF WOMEN by H. L. Mencken

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  • Coronavirus: Akwa Ibom Declares 14-day Lockdown

    Coronavirus: Akwa Ibom Declares 14-day Lockdown

    Coronavirus: Akwa Ibom Declares 14-day Lockdown 1

    Coronavirus: Akwa Ibom Declares 14-day Lockdown 2


     

    Governor Udom Emmanuel of Akwa Ibom State has introduced a 14-day lockdown within the state to stop the unfold of Coronavirus.

    This is coming after the Nigeria  Centre for Disease Control confirmed 5 circumstances within the state.

    Though the federal government had initially denied the end result by the NCDC and mentioned one other check can be performed, the governor mentioned the lockdown was to allow a radical means of contact tracing to establish these, who might have been uncovered to the 5 confirmed victims.

    In a statewide broadcast, Governor Emmanuel mentioned the confirmed circumstances are largely well being professionals, who gad contact with a foreigner that later examined optimistic for the virus.

    The governor mentioned there can be restriction of individuals and vehicular motion besides of these finishing up important duties.

    He mentioned, “I’m hereby asserting a whole cessation of motion within the state prolonged to interval of 14 days. 

    “There shall be no motion of individuals besides these on important duties, who should carry a correct technique of identification.

    “As I converse, the confirmed circumstances who’re largely healthcare professionals are in good well being and have thus far offered no signs.

    “However, they’ve been moved to the isolation centres for correct administration and the method of contact tracing has begun.

    “All enterprise premises, markets, retailers, motor parks and places of work should stay closed throughout this era.

    “The solely exception shall be pharmacies and grocery retailers. All occasions of any nature are prohibited throughout this era.

    “Relevant safety businesses have been briefed and they’ll guarantee strict compliance with this directive.”

    PUBLIC HEALTH

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  • BREAKING: Lagos Discharges 11 Coronavirus Patients

    BREAKING: Lagos Discharges 11 Coronavirus Patients

    BREAKING: Lagos Discharges 11 Coronavirus Patients 3

    BREAKING: Lagos Discharges 11 Coronavirus Patients 4


    The Lagos State Government has discharged one other 11 Coronavirus sufferers after they examined unfavourable to the illness.

    This was introduced by Governor Babajide Sanwo-Olu on Thursday night. 

    He mentioned, “I’m completely happy to interrupt to you, my good individuals of Lagos, the information of the discharge immediately of 11 extra sufferers from our facility in Yaba. 

    “They have totally recovered and have examined unfavourable to COVID-19 and have been allowed to return dwelling to their households.

    “The patients include two females and nine males. Their results came out negative in two rounds of tests.”

    The governor thanked the well being staff, who labored to make sure these confirmed with the virus are nicely handled.

    He additionally urged Lagosians to stick to all pointers to curb the additional unfold of the virus.

    He added, “I wish to use this chance to as soon as once more thank our frontline well being staff and different professionals for his or her service.

    “Let me reiterate that this isn’t the time to loosen up however to keep up our vigilance in opposition to #COVID19 due to the neighborhood an infection that we’re starting to see.

    “Again, I assure you that at the end of it all, we will hoist a flag of victory – with your cooperation and by the grace of the Almighty.”

    PUBLIC HEALTH

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  • Ensure Accountability For Donated Funds, Civil Society Group Tells Nigerian Government

    Ensure Accountability For Donated Funds, Civil Society Group Tells Nigerian Government

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    A coalition of civil society organisations has urged the Nigerian Government to make sure transparency and accountability within the administration of over N30bn donated by teams, establishments and well-meaning people to assist cease the unfold of Coronavirus.

    In a press release on Thursday by the Centre for Democracy and Development, Women Advocacy Research and Documentation Centre, Journalists for Democratic Rights, Civil Society Network Against Corruption, HURIDAC, Green Peoples Environmental Network, Nigerian Human Rights Community, COPEAIDS Foundation, a health-concern rights group, Civil Society Coalition for Mandate Protection, HELP Center for Development, stated nobody ought to be inspired to revenue from human distress.

    The assertion reads, “We respect all contributors and donors within the emergency funds and supplies in response to the Coronavirus pandemic.

    “The finest that may occur is accountability. No one ought to be inspired to revenue from the present human distress.

    “We urge all government MDAs and special task force to uphold procurement and operational standards and policies in awards and payments of services and distribution of materials.”

    The coalition referred to as for strict monitoring and analysis of the disbursed funds by the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission to make sure that it’s used for public good.

     

    PUBLIC HEALTH

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  • How to get the health benefits of nature when you’re stuck inside

    How to get the health benefits of nature when you’re stuck inside

    Going out into the pure world is sweet to your health and thoughts, and you’ll nonetheless get some of the identical benefits even when stuck inside, says Graham Lawton
    How to get the health benefits of nature when you’re stuck inside
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    https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24532760-100-how-to-get-the-health-benefits-of-nature-when-youre-stuck-inside/?utm_campaign=RSS%7CNSNS&utm_source=NSNS&utm_medium=RSS&utm_content=home

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  • Amidst Coronavirus, Ogun Health Workers Underpaid By Tao Bakare

    Amidst Coronavirus, Ogun Health Workers Underpaid By Tao Bakare

    Tao Bakare
    Tao Bakare

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    Tao Bakare

    As the global pandemic continue to hold the world to ransom, nations all over the world continue to search for the ‘messiah vaccine’. Despite the fact that Covid-19 has successfully exposed even the supposed perfect and big countries in terms of inadequate health facilities, Cuba have come to the rescue.

    However, Nigeria remains wanted in the battle for cure as the President have never for once failed to disappoint Nigerians. 

    Meanwhile, Ogun State, in the South-West region, which is one of the hotspot of the virus, has failed woefully in responding to the deadly situation.

    Since the outbreak of the pandemic in Nigeria, Ogun State has recorded over three cases, while the state government has done almost nothing, but, mere cheap talk on radio, television and print. The governor has announced several millions of naira, while in reality, nothing is there to show for it.

    Recently, Governor Dapo Abiodun announced that the state is working on an isolation centre in Ikenne Local Government. Good news, I am writing this piece from Ikenne right now, there is nothing in Ikenne. I call on Governor Dapo Abiodun to prove me wrong.

    Also, with the state housing one of the major (but poorly funded) teaching hospitals in Nigeria, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, one would think that the state will be more active in response to the pandemic. But the fact is that Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital cannot even boast of a broken ventilator, let alone a functional one. Shame on the state government.

    It is also sacrosanct to note that the welfare of health workers in Ogun State especially at Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital is nothing to write home about. Apart from the fact that these ‘warriors’ have to work restless shifts of about 10 hours everyday, they do not even have enough items to discharge their duties properly. The sad news is, it is in OOUTH that nurses run out of face masks, gloves and sanitiders amidst a deadly virus.

    Another major point of call is the remuneration of these health workers. The administration of former governor, Ibikunle Amosun, paid just four months out of the nine months arrears owed workers by the Gbenga Daniel regime still the present regime of Dapo Abiodun continue to hover around the same trend.

    Of course, it is reasonable enough that amidst this pandemic, the welfare of our health workers should be held paramount by any reasonable government. But in Dapo Abiodun’s Ogun State, the shadow is the reality.

    On arrival of Dapo Abiodun’s administration, thousands of promises were made to the people but a lot has remained unfulfilled. 

    The situation in Ogun State is no different from scenes in horror movies as both doctors and nurses are lamenting underpayment and little or no remuneration at all.
     

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  • Legal Issues Arising From Management Of Covid-19 Patients By Ahmed Adetola-Kazeem

    Legal Issues Arising From Management Of Covid-19 Patients By Ahmed Adetola-Kazeem

    Legal Issues Arising From Management Of Covid-19 Patients By Ahmed Adetola-Kazeem 8

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    A lot of legal issues are bound to arise as an aftermath of the outbreak of Coronavirus otherwise referred to as COVID-19.  There is therefore a need to shed light on some of the issues that may arise and how to navigate them. This article will x-ray the rights of patients, the rights of health workers and the basic minimum obligations of the government.

    The Code of Medical Ethics in Nigeria 2008 lists acts that constitute professional negligence. Rule 29.4 of the Code outlines some of these acts as follows:-

    a)      Failure to attend promptly to a patient requiring urgent attention when the practitioner was in a position to do so;

    b)     Manifesting incompetence in the assessment of a patient;

    c)      Making an incorrect diagnosis particularly when the clinical features were so glaring that no reasonable skillful practitioner could have failed to notice them; 

    d)     Failure to advise, or proffering wrong advice to  a patient on the risk involved in a particular operation or course of treatment, especially if such an operation or course of treatment is likely to result in serious side effects like deformity or loss of organ, or function;

    e)      Failure to obtain the informed consent of the patient before proceeding on any surgical procedure or course of treatment when such consent was necessary; 

    f)       Making a mistake in treatment e.g. amputation of the wrong limb, carelessness that results in the termination of a pregnancy, prescribing the wrong drug, or dosage in error for a correctly diagnosed ailment, etc;

    g)     Failure to refer, or transfer a patient in good time, when such a referral or transfer was necessary;

    h)     Failure to do anything that ought reasonably to have been done under any circumstance for the good of the patient;

    i)       Failure to see a patient as often as his medical condition warrants or to make appropriate comments in the case notes of the practitioner’s observations and prescribed treatment during such visits. It also includes failure to communicate with the patient or with his relatives as may be necessary with regards to any developments, progress or prognosis in the patient’s condition.

     

    Rule 11.2 of the 2008 Code of Medical Ethics in Nigeria provides that, “A physician shall preserve absolute confidentiality on all he knows about his patient even after the patient has died.”

                 Rule 44 of the Code of Medical Ethics has extensive provisions on Confidentiality and when disclosure of information can be made. The Rule provides in part that:

    “Disclosure of information on the patient by the doctor can only be made following an informed consent of the patient in writing. It is clear that the ethic covers even such information as induced abortion, venereal disease, attempted suicide, concealed birth and drug dependence but would exclude situations in which a discretionary breach of confidentiality is necessary to protect the patient or the community from danger and this must be made clear to the patient at the time of the confidential disclosure. Where statutory notification of disease is involved, the consent of the patient is not required.”            

                Confidentiality: To Disclose Identity Of Covid-19 Patients Or Not To Disclose?

    COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. Most people infected with the COVID-19 will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment.  Older people, and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illness.[1]

    The Federal Ministry of Health confirmed the first case of COVID-19 in Nigeria on the 27th of February 2020. It is the case of an Italian citizen who works in Nigeria and returned from Milan, Italy to Lagos, Nigeria on the 25th of February 2020. In reaction to the report, the social was divided between those who want the name of the Italian disclosed and those that preferred it remains confidential. The outcry was even more when the Chief of Staff to the President tested positive according to reports from various media houses[2], but the Minister of Health decided to keep mute on the identity of the President’s aide who contacted the virus, citing confidentiality.

    It will ordinarily be wrong to disclose the medical status of someone infected with COVID-19, for instancethe case of the Italian who was the index case. However in view of the proviso to Rule 44 of the Code of Medical Ethics 2008 which provides that a discretionary breach of confidentiality is necessary in order to protect the community from danger, I am of the view that the test results of popular figures who hold strategic offices like the Chief of Staff to the President or a Governor must be disclosed to guaranty public safety. This is necessary in view of the countless number of people from all works of life they come in contact with on a daily basis.  It will be correct to have made their status public in the overriding interest of the public, since it will enable those who have come in contact with them isolate, just like we have seen in the cases of the British Prime Minister, the Bauchi State Govenor, Prince Charles, the First Lady of Canada and many more. We must commend those who announced their status in public themselves-it is the best thing to do in the interest of humanity

    The World Health Organization (WHO) provides additional guidelines for the management of coronavirus patients specifically.[3]

    Health workers should:

    •follow established occupational safety and health procedures, avoid exposing others to health and safety risks and participate in employer-provided occupational safety and health training; 

    •use provided protocols to assess, triage and treat patients; 

    •treat patients with respect, compassion and dignity; 

    •maintain patient confidentiality; 

    •swiftly follow established public health reporting procedures of suspect and confirmed cases; 

    •provide or reinforce accurate infection prevention and control and public health information, including to concerned people who have neither symptoms nor risk;

    •put on, use, take off and dispose of personal protective equipment properly;

    •self-monitor for signs of illness and self-isolate or report illness to managers, if it occurs; 

    •advise management if they are experiencing signs of undue stress or mental health challenges that require support interventions; and 

    •report  to  their  immediate  supervisor  any  situation  which  they  have  reasonable  justification  to  believe presents an imminent and serious danger to life or health.

     

    Doctors and health workers in Nigeria must endeavor to digest the guidelines in the Code of Medical Ethics as well as the WHO Guidelines for management of Coronavirus victims and ensure they work strictly by their provisions. A breach of these duties have dire consequences. 

    Options Available To Covid-19 Patients Who Are Victims Of Medical Negligence

    A Coronavirus patient who has suffered medical negligence has a number of options:

    1. He could file a complaint with the regulatory body (e.g. the Medical and Dental Council of Nigeria, in the cases involving a Doctor). The Doctor will in the first instance be investigated by the Medical and Dental Practitioners Investigation Panel, after which he will be tried by the Medical and Dental Practitioners Disciplinary Tribunal. If found culpable,  the Doctor may be warned, suspended from practicing for a period not exceeding 6 months or in very serious cases, have his name can be removed from the Register of Medical Practitioners. The Medical and Dental Practitioners’ Disciplinary Tribunal does not award monetary damages.

    2. A suit can be filed against the Medical Doctor, the Hospital, Agency or Government in the High Court for Medical Negligence and monetary damages will be awarded if the Defendant(s) are found culpable.

          3.  If there is an element of Crime, a report could be made to the Police who would conduct Criminal Investigation and where the investigation reveals gross negligence, recklessness or wanton disregard for life of the victim, the police can prosecute or forward the case file to the office of the Attorney General of the State for possible prosecution in deserving cases.  

    A Need To Do More For Doctors And Other Professionals In The Health Sector

    Health workers are at the front line of any outbreak response and as such are exposed to hazards that put them at risk of infection with an outbreak pathogen (in this case COVID-19). Hazards include pathogen exposure, long working  hours,  psychological  distress,  fatigue,  occupational  burnout,  stigma,  and  physical  and  psychological violence. 

    During the outbreak of Ebola more than 500 health care workers died in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra-Leone alone. We also lost some of our finest doctors and health workers to the disease in Nigeria, the most prominent being Dr. Stella Adadevoh, who is credited with having curbed a wider spread of the Ebola virus in Nigeria by placing the index patient, Patrick Sawyer, in quarantine despite pressures from the Liberian  government. As we speak, The coronavirus is waging a war of attrition against health care workers throughout the world, but nowhere is it winning more battles at the moment than in Italy and in Spain, where protective equipment and tests have been in severely short supply for weeks. In Spain 13.6% (6500) of those affected with the coronavirus are health workers and in Italy 10% (7400) of those affected with the virus are health workers. [4] In New York dozens of health workers have been affected with the virus, while hundreds are in quarantine.[5] According to reports filtering in as the time of concluding this article, three health workers have been infected with COVID-19 in Abuja, Nigeria.[6]

    Human Rights Watch research into health system collapse in Hungary and Venezuela suggests the nations’ mismanaged, underfunded, and understaffed public healthcare system is poorly equipped to handle a COVID-19 outbreak. Patients and medical experts described a lack of basic hygiene protocol, lack of isolation rooms, and a shortage of health professionals, doctors and nurses, and medical supplies in general.

    The situation is not too different in Nigeria at the moment and except something drastic is done we might be witnessing a devastating effect of the pandemic. Nigeria’s, public health capacity has been diminished by large scale public sector corruption. Medical personnel lack surgical masks and local supplies have been diverted and shipped to other markets partly due to corruption. Many states are ill-prepared to combat the impeding surge in patients. A senior health worker with a government hospital in Abuja, in an interview with Sahara Reporters, lamented the lack of quality Personal Protective Equipment for them, adding that government must invest in the protection of health workers at the frontline of the battle against the virus. He said, “The unfortunate thing is that the government is not providing us with what to work with. It is sad that our PPE are not up to the world standard and can be penetrated by viruses. Some of us (health workers) have to use our personal funds to purchase gloves as we do not trust the ones government supplied. Nigerians should please remember us in their prayers and government should provide us with what we really need to work.” [7]

    There was report that in Bauchi State a Coronavirus patient rejected the isolation centre at the Bauchi Specialist Hospital and went back home while describing it as “too dirty”.[8]  

    It is disappointing to hear that the hazard allowance for doctors and health workers is N5,000 per month in Nigeria. The amount is very paltry compared to the risks and the attendant emotional and psychological stress suffered by the health-care workers (HWCs) particularly during monumental outbreaks like this. Unfortunately, when a patient is mismanaged, these doctors and health workers bear the burden of paying huge compensation and sometimes losing their jobs. More importantly, the brain-drain in the health sector is monumental, almost all my friends who are doctors, work abroad. Unfortunately, there are concerted efforts by the US Government to engage foreign Doctors to further fortify its health work force as COVID-19 ravages. Many young Nigerian doctors are already considering the offers because the Nigerian government has paid little attention to their welfare and the welfare of the general health workforce. To stop the exodus of our doctors, who are already in short supply, the government must act fast by improving their welfare packages in line with acceptable international standards.

    The psychological needs of doctors and health workers are also often ignored. Unsafe working conditions contribute to health worker attrition in many countries due to work-related illness and injury and the resulting fear of health workers of occupational infection, including from HIV and Tuberculosis. The 2006 World Health Report – Working Together for Health reported on a severe health workforce crisis in fifty-seven countries, most of them in Africa and Asia. [9]

    Protecting the occupational health of health workers is critical to having an adequate workforce of trained and healthy health personnel. Governments at the Federal and State levels are urged to do more by complying fully with the World Health Organization’s guidelines regarding the Rights of Health Workers while combating COVID-19. Some of the rights are:

    ·         assume overall responsibility to ensure that all necessary preventive and protective measures are taken to minimize occupational safety and health risks;

    ·         provide information, instruction and training on occupational safety and health, including; Refresher training on infection prevention and control(IPC); and Use, putting on, taking off and disposal of personal protective equipment(PPE);

    ·         provide adequate IPC and PPE supplies (masks, gloves, goggles, gowns, hand sanitizer, soap and water, cleaning supplies) in sufficient quantity to healthcare or other staff caring for suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients, such that workers do not incur expenses for occupational safety and health requirements;

    ·         not be required to return to a work situation where there is continuing orserious danger to life or health, until the employer has taken any necessary remedial action;

    ·         allow workers to exercise the right to remove themselves from a work situation that they have reasonable justification to believe presents an imminent and serious danger to their life or health. When a health worker exercises this right, they shall be protected from any undue consequences; 

    ·         honour the right to compensation, rehabilitation and curative services if infected with COVID-19 following exposure in the workplace. This would be considered occupational exposure and resulting illness would be considered an occupational disease,

    ·         provide access to mental health and counselling resources; and 

    ·         enable co-operation between management and workers and/or their representatives. Etc.

    In conclusion, professional care givers for COVID-19 patients should uphold four basic principles formulated by Beauchamp and Childress in their book ‘Principles of Biomedical Ethics’ in order to protect themselves from liability for negligence. The four basic principles are autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice.

    Autonomy: People have the right to control what happens to their bodies. This principle simply means that an informed, competent adult patient can refuse or accept treatments, drugs, and surgeries according to their wishes. People have the right to control what happens to their bodies because they are free and rational. And these decisions must be respected by everyone, even if those decisions aren’t in the best interest of the patient.

    Beneficence: All healthcare providers must strive to improve their patient’s health, to do the most good for the patient in every situation. But what is good for one patient may not be good for another, so each situation should be considered individually. And other values that might conflict with beneficence may need to be considered.

    Non-maleficence: “First, do no harm” is the bedrock of medical ethics. In every situation, healthcare providers should avoid causing harm to their patients. You should also be aware of the doctrine of double effect, where a treatment intended for good unintentionally causes harm. This doctrine helps you make difficult decisions about whether actions with double effects can be undertaken.

    Justice: The fourth principle demands that you should try to be as fair as possible when offering treatments to patients and allocating scarce medical resources. You should be able to justify your actions in every situation. For instance, it will amount to a professional misconduct for a Health-care Worker to remove a poor man from the ventilator because a Senator was rushed in. 

    Ahmed Adetola-Kazeem is a partner in Adetola-Kazeem Legal Practice and specializes in Medical and Health Law

    Email: aadetolakazeem@gmail.com;aadetolakazeem@gaklp.com

    [1] https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_1(Accessed on the 28th of March 2020)

    [2] https://businessday.ng/coronavirus/article/abba-kyari-tests-positive-for-coronavirus-buhari-negative/

    https://www.channelstv.com/2020/03/24/buharis-chief-of-staff-abba-kyari-reportedly-tests-positive-for-coronavirus/ (Accessed on the 28th of March 2020)

    [3] Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) Outbreak: Rights, Roles and Responsibilities Of Health workers, Including Key Considerations For Occupational Safety And Health”. https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-rights-roles-respon-hw-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=bcabd401_0   (Accessed on the 26th of March 2020)

    [4] https://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/collapsing-virus-pummels-medics-spain-italy-69789413 (Accessed on 26th March 2020)

    [5] https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/covid-19-hits-doctors-nurses-emts-threatening-health-system/2020/03/17/f21147e8-67aa-11ea-b313-df458622c2cc_story.html (Accessed on 28th of March 2020)

    [6] http://saharareporters.com/2020/03/28/exclusive-two-nurses-one-doctor-infected-coronavirus-abuja-hospital

    [7] Supra

    [8] https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/coronavirus-patient-rejects-bauchi-isolation-centre-returns-home.html (Accessed on 28th March 2020)

    [9] https://www.who.int/occupational_health/topics/hcworkers/en/(Accessed on 26th March 2020)

     

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  • 3 Reasons Why EVERY Entrepreneur Should Learn a Few Coaching Skills

    You would be surprised at how many times I’ve been hired (and fully paid) for copy the clients have loved but never used. Why? Well, there are as many reasons as entrepreneurs out there but a good chunk of the time it has to do with some sort of block. That’s why I’m a big believer in every entrepreneur knowing a few coaching skills (it’s certainly helped me out). Read on for 3 more reasons why EVERY entrepreneur should have a few coaching skills in their back pocket.

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  • 7 Ways To Get Good Word Of Mouth

    The most effective advertising a company can get is more difficult to achieve but much more effective and lasting than traditional media advertising. It is word of mouth advertising, and it is earned rather than purchased. It is your customers’ opinion of your product, which at times can be very vocal with praise or derision. Here are seven factors to consider for creating a good word of mouth for your company and its products…

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    http://www.associationofmarketing.org/articles/view.php?article_id=6948

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