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  • Journey of a Drug: Design to Market Seller

    Journey of a Drug: Design to Market Seller

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    Where do the medicines we take from chemists come from? How do the doctors know which drug is good for which disease? How the medicines really are able to cure a particular ailment they have been prescribed for? Do these questions come to your mind, whenever you buy any medicine?

    Come, let us today know about the medicine development from the beginning …

    The development of medicine is called a Clinical Research and has different Phases. Phases of the clinical research are the steps of experiments with a health intervention in an attempt to find enough evidence for a process which the scientists think would be helpful in medical treatment.

    The pharmaceutical study starts its journey from a drug design and drug molecule discovery which further progresses into animal testing and then human studies to see the drug's effectiveness.

    Drug undergoes many trials- Preclinical, Phase 0, Phase I, II, III and IV. Sometimes combined trials also are undertaken to reduce the time of development, like Phase I / II and II / III.

    Pre-Clinical Study

    When the drug molecule is identified, it undergoes many in vitro ( test tube or cell culture ) and in vivo ( animal ) experiments. These experiments are conducted to know the preliminary efficacy, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics of the various doses of the drug. Many drug molecules are designed at a time and these pre-clinical studies let the pharmaceutical companies decide which molecule has a greater potential in further studies.

    Design of the Studies:

    Trials are always conducted by following the set of steps, called the protocol, developed by the researchers to find the specific questions related to the medical product. Information from the prior studies become the base for the researchers to develop research questionnaire and objectives:

    • Participant selection
    • Number of participants
    • Duration of the study
    • Controlled or not
    • How and what dosage will be given
    • What and when the data will be collected
    • Review and analysis time

    Phase 0 Study

    It is also called micro-dosing trials, 10-15 human subjects are taken and single sub-therapeutic doses are administered to gather the pharmacokinetic ( PK ) data of the drug. This enables the company in deciding to go or no go for the further development of the drug, based on more relevant human data instead of animal data.

    Such trials exceed the speed of promising drug development by establishing whether or not the drug acts on humans as expected in pre-clinical studies.

    After the company decides to take the molecule of the drug forward in development, it will have to submit the data of its preliminary studies to the FDA called Investigational New Drug ( IND ) application filing.

    Phase I Study

    Also called First-in-man studies as these are the first stage of human testing studies. These are the studies which are designed to determine the maximum dose that can be administered without showing adverse effects.

    Contract Research Organizations ( CROs ) conduct such studies in the clinical trial clinics where medical staff provides full-time attention to 2-100 healthy subjects enrolled for the study and collects the data.

    These studies determine the safety ( pharmacovigilance ), tolerability, pharmacokinetics ( PK ) and pharmacodynamics ( PD ) of the drug. The design of Phase I studies is dose-ranging also called dose escalation studies conducted in controlled clinics called Central Pharmacological Units ( CPUs ).

    Usually, healthy subjects are hired but sometimes terminally ill patients like of cancer and HIV and also those who have already tried and failed to improve on existing medications.

    There are two divisions for Phase I study:

    Phase Ia: Single ascending dose

    Phase Ib: Multiple ascending dose

    Phase II Study

    More than 100 diseased subjects are enrolled for a longer period study, to know the benefits of the drug along with its safety which includes genetic testing. These studies are also called as "Proof of Concept or Pilot" studies.

    This is the phase when the drug's development can fail due to toxicity or less than expected results.

    Two divisions of this phase are:

    Phase IIa: Pilot study, to determine the clinical efficacy or the biological activity.

    Phase IIb: Dose-finding study, to check the biological activity with minimal side-effects.

    A combined trial determining the efficacy as well as toxicity are Phase I / II trials.

    Phase III Study

    These are pre-registration trials means the data of this study is submitted to the regulatory agency through New Drug Application (NDA) for its registration. Also called Pre-marketing or Pivotal trials.

    Such studies are multicentral, randomized, in large diseased population ( more than 500 ) with much longer duration of treatment and short follow up period, to determine the long-term safety and efficacy of the drug.

    Even if the regulatory submission is pending, the drug is received by the patients in case it's a lifesaving drug until the drug can be purchased.

    'Label expansion' that is drug can treat an additional disease, other than the disease for which the drug is already approved, may also be the reason for running the Phase III trial.

    It is said that for FDA ( United States Food and Drug Administration ) and MHRA ( United Kingdom's Medicines and Health products Regulatory Agency ) needs at least two trials of successful trials data to register the drug.

    After these trials, the drug is approved for market selling.

    Phase IV Study

    These are Post Market Safety Monitoring studies done after the drug is registered. Also called Late Phase or Confirmatory trials.

    This kind of study determines the long-term adverse effects on the much larger population for a very long duration (at least 2 years). If harmful effects are detected in this study, then the drug is disapproved and the company has to retrieve the drug from the market as it can no longer be sold.

    The entire journey of the drug from a molecule to a market selling product takes around 15-20 years.

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    Source by Nidhi Sharma

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  • Drug Use – Advantages and Disadvantages

    Drug Use – Advantages and Disadvantages

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    Rampant, often unchecked use of drugs is a malaise that has been plaguing our society, and especially our younger generation for quite some time. It has grown quickly from a psychological bad malaise, a bad habit to a dangerous social evil, and in many countries, invite strict punitive action. Countries across the world try to combat this evil using combination’s of public awareness regarding the evils of drug use, severe clampdowns on drug usage/trafficking and penal impositions. However, this is still not enough as drug trafficking has proliferated across social strata, and is not limited to isolated groups of the society. So why exactly is drug usage considered to be one of the most debilitating and potentially dangerous of social evils?

    One of the most primary reasons why consumption and business dealings on drugs are declared illegal internationally is because of the tremendous damage they cause to the human body. Drugs usually are of two kinds, and act as general nervous stimulants that can almost supercharge the brain and the nervous system for brief amounts of time. For that amount of time, the user has no sense of personal identity and this phase is usually described as a phase of euphoric detachment, while the user loses common consciousness. However, this effect is fleeting and does not last long. Drug-induced euphoria lasts for a very short time, usually culminating in sever hangovers and strains on the human body, which might manifest in physical and psychological reactions.

    Drugs are generally hallucinogenic compounds that are primarily of two types, Organic and inorganic. Organic drugs are usually extracted from plants, and processed and consumed usually by burning them like tobacco. Inorganic compounds are much more difficult to obtain, as they are manufactured in pharmaceutical laboratories and are generally available in the form of tablets, pills and fluid solutions. Scientific studies have actually revealed that inorganic drugs/narcotic agents are more life-threatening and potentially debilitating in nature than their organic counterparts, even though prolonged drug use of either could result in serious consequences.

    It might be said that drug use is actually dependent on more than one conditions and criterion. There are, in reality, numerous reasons that increase the usage of drugs within a particular demographic cross-section. These reasons could range from social, psychological, economical or just out of biological dependency. One reason why sustained usage of drug is deemed so dangerous to life and health is that it creates a sense of dependency within the user, who feels habituated by the use of drugs. Irrespective of the original stimulus, the consumption of drug becomes the primary objective in these cases, and the user often goes to extreme lengths to maintain the habit of drug use.

    Presently, there are widespread efforts to contain if not eradicate drug use within a particular section of the society through governmental as well as non-governmental/individual efforts. General awareness, support groups, supportive rehabilitation centers and clinics that help drug abusers have now become popular, and much sought after to help individuals kick this habit.

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    Source by Efti Babu

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  • Reiki Healing Can Ease Your Pain

    Reiki Healing Can Ease Your Pain

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    I was looking through a newspaper the other day and one thing that caught my eye was an article about the opioid crises. In this article, addiction specialist Dr Robert Lefever, spoke about how so many people are hooked on drugs that are designed to take pain away.

    When this happens, someone will end up taking them for years instead of a matter of days or weeks. He didn’t blame the drugs companies, though; he pointed the finger at the doctors that are happy to keep prescribing them.

    A Powerful Figure

    In the western world, a doctor is often perceived as an all-powerful, all-knowing figure. Therefore, if a doctor tells someone to do something, it is unlikely that they will question what they are being told.

    The fact that is has come out of this persons mouth can be seen as a sign that it is the right thing to do. Thus, if someone is in a bad way and a doctor prescribes then more pills, pills that are designed to take their pain away, why would they bat an eyelid?

    Another Part

    When it comes to drugs or even healing modalities, the placebo effect is often spoken about. Quite simply, this relates to the effect that one’s mind has when it comes to the impact that a drug or healing modality has on them.

    In other words, what they take or what is done to them is not the only factor involved in the healing process. The way that their mind perceives what they are given or what is done will also play a part in how effective something is.

    The Connection

    So due to how one perceives their doctor, this person can also play a part in what effect something will have on them. Someone can then find that they feel better simply for being in their presence.

    And, if this person was to give them a load of sugar pills but told one that they were powerful pain killers, they might find that they feel better after they have taken them for a while. It could be said that the placebo effect is always at work and this is because the mind can’t be cast aside.

    A Number of Solutions

    This doctor didn’t just talk about on what is not right or say that doctors need to change their approach, he also spoke about a number of other options that should be offered instead. There was acupuncture, transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TNS), and Reiki.

    I was familiar with the first thing, hadn’t heard of the second thing, and had experienced the benefits of the last thing. From my own experience, I can say that Reiki can be used to take pain away and to heal the body.

    A Real Example

    A little while ago, I had a minor operation and once the anaesthetic wore off, I experienced a fair amount of pain. Fortunately, I had learnt Reiki healing many, many years ago and was able to use this healing technique on myself.

    I placed my hands on the area where I felt pain and my hands soon felt incredibly warm. I did this for about half an hour and from that moment onwards, the pain was not as strong as it once was.

    It’s not a Magic Wand

    I continued to use Reiki on this area for a number of days and for the same amount of time each time, which caused the pain to diminish even more. It was then not that I did it once and then everything was fine – I was consistent with it.

    In the same way that a pill needs to be taken on a regular basis to work, Reiki healing also needs to be experienced on a regular basis to have a big impact. That is, of course, unless it doesn’t, and one or a few sessions is enough.

    Final Thoughts

    After reading this you may believe that Reiki healing can assist you and be open to giving it a go or you may be sceptical. If you are sceptical, I can relate to what you are experiencing as I can also be very sceptical.

    However, the best thing may be for you to give it a go and to see what happens. If you are in pain, and this pain has been with you for a while, it must surely be worth a go?

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    Source by Oliver JR Cooper

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  • Choosing the Best Suboxone Doctor

    Choosing the Best Suboxone Doctor

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    Addiction is a growing problem in the world today and it is very important that you find a solution as soon as you notice that you have an issue. For opiate addiction like prescription drugs or heroin, the Suboxone is the first drug that you may consider. The drug is effective in the treatment of opiate addiction symptoms. It works well because it is a partial opiate. This only means that has an opiate effect that is controlled. It is effective for people who are going through opiate withdrawal.

    The treatment aids in decreasing the pain of the withdrawal symptoms and detoxify your body from any opiates that may be in your system.

    Why you need to choose a Suboxone doctor

    Suboxone is a very powerful drug, which has to be prescribed by a doctor who has been approved to administer it. You need to choose the right doctor near you. Before doing this, it is necessary to talk to your primary care provider who is very established in the treatment of addiction. This is the best person to direct you to any specialized doctors that you may need in the course of your treatment to ensure that you get well quick.

    There are different directories that you can use to do a quick search and find the best doctor for your problem. You need to ensure that the provider is reputable and a doctor and he should also have a history of treating patients with your kind of addiction. There are doctors who choose to manipulate the process while others overcharge the services. Shop around to get prices and compare before making a decision.

    The best thing to do is to list around three of the best providers. You need to ensure that they are in your area. Many of the clinics have very strict regulations about how many patients can be treated at one given time. There are many clinics that have to operate at full capacity and therefore you need to look at as many as you want before finding one that is ready to accept new patients.

    The cost

    The treatment prices can vary from one doctor to the next. It also depends on how much of the treatment you really need. Most insurance companies do not cover addiction so you may have to pay a great part of the fees or even the entire amount. This can be an expensive thing but can also save you a lot eventually because of the potential health implications that may befall you because of using drugs. The price is also worthwhile because you will not have to spend any more money on drugs.

    Some of the doctors allow insurance, but they are rather hard to locate. It is for this reason that you should do as much research as possible to land the best deal ever. This may be the medication that you need to finally deal with the habit that can be very destructive. It is always better to deal with any kind of addiction sooner than later.

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    Source by Shalini Madhav

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  • Drug Rehab Centers – Treatments Offered

    Drug Rehab Centers – Treatments Offered

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    Many treatments are offered in drug rehab centers. Most of the treatments start with detoxification and progress from there. Some may be prescribed medication to help them as they work through other different forms of treatment. This can include counseling and behavioral therapy. What treatment is offered in drug rehab centers will depend on the training of the personnel, the facilities the center has, and the center itself. For drug-addicted patients, no one treatment is effective for all of them. The treatment that they receive is not based on the drug they are addicted to but based on the capacity and needs of the patient.

    Detoxification

    Generally, this is the first step, which involves cleansing their body of all toxins, especially the substance or substances they are addicted to. When in detoxification, there is a withdrawal phase from what they are addicted to and it is unpleasant. In some instances, it can be fatal. When the patient is undergoing detoxification, they are closely observed and may be prescribed certain medications to help them during the toughest parts. This process of detoxification can take as long as three weeks but may take longer. It depends on the individual.

    Formal assessment

    After detoxification, the drug rehab centers will do a formal assessment. The assessment includes recommendations about other treatment that will be needed. It is often a complex process. Substance abuse will often involve treating both psychological and physical illnesses and symptoms. In addition to being weaned off the substance that the patient was addicted to, if they use drugs to deal with the symptoms of a psychological disorder must also receive treatment for that disorder. This is necessary if they want to have a chance of not having a relapse into substance abuse.

    Group therapy and individual counseling

    Both of these can play a role in treating psychological illnesses. These illnesses may also be helped by legal prescription medications. One type of counseling that is usually offered in drug rehab centers is behavioral therapy. Those that are addicted may have developed a habit of taking these drugs in a certain setting or at a certain time of day. With behavioral therapy, the counselors attempt to help the patient realize that they can break these habits and function without the drug they are addicted to.

    Along with the different treatment options these centers offer various treatment settings and lengths of time spent in the drug rehab centers. The drug rehab centers also need to have the capacity to treat withdrawal symptoms while the patients go through detoxification so they may provide hospital-level care. The treatment they receive can be done as an outpatient, inpatient, or on a residential level, long term of a year or more, or short term of six weeks or so.

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    Source by Lora Davis

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  • 5 Reasons to Schedule DFW On Site Drug Testing

    5 Reasons to Schedule DFW On Site Drug Testing

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    Scheduling DFW on site drug testing may seem like a lot of work to go through. However, it has a variety of benefits. Knowing why you should schedule this will make it easier for you to spend the money and enjoy the convenience.

    Not Everyone has Reliable Transportation

    You want to make sure you eliminate as many excuses as possible as to why someone couldn't conduct their test on time. Unfortunately, not everyone has reliable transportation and therefore it may be too much for you to ask for people to go to a lab. The moment you ask people to do things on their own time, you will start to see diminished participation.

    The better solution is to offer on-site drug testing where people are already on premises. You can simply send them in to be drug tested when they have been randomly selected.

    Ensure Full Compliance

    You need to be sure you are in full compliance with all rules and regulations. Particularly with the DOT, on-site drug testing is preferred simply because it rules out various issues. You can have an MRO conducting the tests and maintaining full confidentiality with the records. It also means that the tests pass through fewer hands, which makes it easier for you to track the tests throughout the entire process.

    Eliminate Tampering

    You know who your employees are, and therefore you don't have to worry about any kind of tampering. If they are on your premises, you know that they are where they are supposed to be. If you don't offer on-site testing, you can never be too sure whether it's your employees going in for the drug test or if they have someone else do it for them. Additionally, you don't know how legitimate the drug testing site may be – and you need to eliminate any potential tampering issues.

    Appear More Professional

    You are going to appear more professional when your drug testing is on-site. It keeps your employees happier because they don't have to go anywhere besides your facility. They also don't have to do anything on their own personal time.

    When the drug testing is conducted on-site, you also get to stay more organized in terms of the results and all of the employee records.

    Faster Results

    On-site testing is also known to be much faster than if you were to use a third-party lab. Faster results are of the utmost importance because you don't want to keep your candidates waiting nor do you want to run the risk of employees being out on the roads when they have tested positive for drug use.

    There are plenty of reasons why you should be scheduling DFW on-site drug testing. It doesn't have to be any more complicated than you make it out to be. You will be able to save time, money, and be more professional when you have the tests conducted on-site. Additionally, you stay compliant and get faster results.

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    Source by Jeff Weigang

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  • Cats Claw Supplements As Holistic Medicine

    Cats Claw Supplements As Holistic Medicine

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    Cats Claw is a medicinal Herb from the Forest of Peru. It has attracted a lot of interest in the quest for natural health care. The plant is vital in the treatment of arthritis, allergies, diabetes, bursitis, lupus, chronic fatigue, cancer, depression, herpes, menstrual irregularities and stomach and intestinal disorders.

    The Peruvian rain forest herb has been used to treat ulcers and cancer for over 20 years since its discovery.

    Things to look for in a Good Supplement Drug

    The ant-inflammatory drug compounds of cat’s claw have proven to be efficient in the treatment of arthritis and other joint ailments. The anti-cancer drug components explored in research on the mutagenic capacity to form bind in test smokers’ urine. The Unique cat’s claw alkaloids improve the immune system.

    The alkaloids have an effect on the ability of white blood cells to overwhelm and digest harmful micro-organisms. When isolated from the natural ingredient, Alkaloid has proven to be useful in stimulating the immune system. The most immune- active alkaloid is known as iso pteropodine.

    Cat’s claw is also known to increase the production of leukocytes in the body, particularly the T4 lymphocytes, therefore able to block many viral illnesses.

    The herb thwarts viral infections and helps chemically sensitive patients, to fight infections in AIDS and decrease the growth of some skin tumors and cysts. The pure herb is also known to increase stamina and energy in patients suffering from physical and mental exhaustion from leading a stressful lifestyle.

    How to take Cat’s Claw Prescription

    When considering the use of herbal supplements, consult with your doctor before consuming any supplements. You may also consult wa physician who is trained in the knowledge of herbal/health medicines.

    If you choose to use cat’s claw range of herbs, use it as directed on the package, or as directed by a physician or a pharmacist, and other trained healthcare providers. Do not consume more than is suggested on the product label.

    Do not use different forms of the peruvian herb at the same time without medical advice. (Liquid, tablets, teas, tincture) consuming various formulations increases the risk of an overdose which may be fatal.

    If you have a scheduled surgery, discontinue taking the herbal medicine for two weeks before the main surgery date.

    If you have prescription medication; do not combine these with natural medicine.Confirm with your doctor the best possible method

    Consult with your doctor if the treatment with cat’s claws medication does not improve, or if the symptoms get worse while using this drug.

    Store all medicines at room temperature, and away from heat or moisture.( 60 words remaining)

    Products

    1. Pure Encapsulations Cat’s Claw is a traditional herb from the Peruvian rain forest.It is used as a supplementary to cure used joints problems, heart disease, the immune system and gastrointestinal complications. It also protects the gut from antioxidants. The capsule is extracted from hypoallergenic whole herbs.

    Contraindications:

    Not recommended for patients to sunflowers or daisy flower allergies.

    Discontinue use if any unpleasant reactions occur.

    Not recommended for persons under 18 years.

    Keep all medicines out of children’s reach

    Store your medication at standard room temperature.

    Contains 450 mg of cat’s claw extract/pack.

    Serving Size: 1 Capsule.

    Oxindole alkaloids per serving 3%

    2. Solaray Cat’s Claw

    Solaray is a supplementary herbal drug that provides nutritional support for the normal functioning of the immune system and healthy joints. Solaray Herbs includes an energy extract of 4% Oxindole Alkaloids

    The bark extracts contains the ingredient Uncaria tomentosa in 8 mg

    Supplement specs:

    Amount per Serving: 200 mg

    Portion Size: 1 Capsule

    Portion per bottle: 30

    Use as directed by a physician

    Swallow one tablet twice per day with a meal

    Not recommended for persons with sunflower allergies. Stop usage and consult your doctor if any reactions occur.

    Not proposed to patients less than 18 years.

    Keep out of reach of children.

    Store in a cool, dry place.

    3. Solgar Cat’s Claw

    Solgar is a herb made using traditional Peruvian herbs and enhanced using technology.To ensure reliable nutrient levels, the herb is isolated using active plant compounds. The standardized compounds are blended with all of the natural herbs.The resulting complete herbal extract contains all the synergistic natural medicinal benefits.

    Ingredients Include Herbal Cellulose and herbal Magnesium Stearate.

    The Solgar does not contain Yeast, soy, gluten, artificial flavors, colors or preservatives

    Used as an adult’s diet supplement

    Swallow 2 pills/ day, with a meal or as directed by a doctor.

    Ingredients:

    Echinacea Extract: 50mg

    Echinacea Powder: 200mg

    Goldenseal Powder: 200mg

    Extract inner bark Serving Size: 2 Vegetable Capsules

    Solgar:1000mg

    4. Nature’s Way Cat’s Claw Bark

    Nature’s Way herb is produced from the bark Uncaria tomentosa.

    The supplementary medicines are analyzed for complete oxindole and tetracyclic alkaloid content.

    Bark Extract:1.455g

    Serving: Take 3 pills, 2-3 times a day

    Dietary fibre:1g

    Not to be consumed by pregnant women or nursing mothers.

    Not to be consumed If you have a pre-existing medical condition, consult your private doctor before taking any herbal dietary supplements.

    If taking any prescribed medication, consult a qualified doctor before consuming your diet supplements.

    Nature’s Way Does not contain any artificial coloring, corn, preservatives, artificial flavoring, gluten, products

    Salt, soy, yeast sugar, dairy products, wheat or any other medicinal additives.

    5. Source Naturals

    Cat’s Claw Bark is a rain forest herb that Supports the Human Immune System. It has been Used for centuries by Indigenous Peruvians to cure the gut system and joint pains.

    The inner bark contains unique, energetic nutrients that support the human body’s immune system.

    The bark is extracted with care so as not to harm or disturb the Peruvian rain forest ecosystem.

    Ingredients: 500 mg Tablets

    Available in bottle pack capacity of 30 pills, 60pills, and 120pills

    Daily intake: 1 or 2 tablets as directed by physician

    Allergies: Suitable for vegetarians.

    Cats claw does not contain yeast, eggs, dairy, gluten, soy, corn, or wheat. No preservatives, artificial coloring, added flavors or fragrance.No sugar, salt, starch

    6. Pure Mountain Botanicals

    Pure Mountain is made with potent natural herbs from the Peruvian bark powder. Cat’s claw is formerly known as Una de Gato. The herb is known to cure many diseases including the improvement of AIDS immune system. It is combined with flaxseed to create nature’s Pure Mountain supplements.

    Ingredients:

    500mg cats claw herbal extract

    Cat’s Claw pills – 90 Capsules

    The Pure Mountain cat’s claw supplement is a natural herb that is gluten and kosher-free,

    Big Mountain contains no additives, preservatives or chemicalized agents.

    Should be consumed under the doctor’s medical screening and supervision

    Should not be taken by lactating mothers or children under 18 years

    7. Now Foods

    This is a pure herb that is used to treat various ailments naturally with herbal extracts from the Peru Rainforest. The natural medicine is carefully manufactured with the popular Peruvian bark herb. Combined with other natural resources to create Now Food’s Cat’s Claw supplementary medicines

    Ingredients:

    Cat’s claw internal bark: 1000mg

    Stearic Acid

    Cellulose

    Packaging Capacity: 100 capsules

    Serving: 50 Tablets. Take 2 tablets twice per day

    Cats claw does not include yeast, gluten, soy, dairy products, preservatives, sugar, salt, color, and flavors or tree nut components.

    Precaution: For adults’ consumption only.

    Not suitable for pregnant women or nursing mothers.

    Consult a professional physician if you are under prescribed medication

    8. Planetary Herbals

    Cat’s claw Planetary Herbal is a wood extract that grows in the Peruvian Amazon. The Indigenous Peru people have utilized this plant for many years. Planetary Herbals uses the inner bark for medicinal purposes. The supplements are used to cure lifestyle diseases such as cancer, arthritis and intestinal complications.

    Serving Size: 1.0 ml

    45 twice or thrice per day with meals

    Medicinal Ingredients:

    70% grain alcohol

    Purified water

    Liquid form extract

    Warning: Not for pregnant or breastfeeding women

    Do not use if seal tampers, missing or broken

    Keep all supplements off from children

    Shake the medicine well before use and store away from sunlight.

    9. Peruvian Naturals 500mg

    This is a potent anti-inflammatory herb supplementary that supports the internal human immune system. The Peruvian Naturals is a herb found in the rain forests of Peru. The different medicinal bark is rich in antioxidants which make it an important supplement for supporting the immune system.

    It helps an anti-inflammatory system and reduces pain in the joints.

    Repairs sun damaged skin

    Repairs wore out DNA to restore the correct immunity in the body

    Ingredients:

    Maca: 800mg

    Bark Extract

    Chancapiedra

    Serving: 500mg

    Serving Size: 1 tablet per day

    Cat’s Claw sustained the bone marrow when low undersupplied

    Supports cardiovascular wellbeing, and detoxifies the colon

    10. Nature’s Herbs Cat’s Claw

    Cat’s Claw Nature’s Herbs is a medicinal plant which grows in the Peruvian highlands of the Amazon. The restricted plant includes natural antioxidants in each produced capsule, fitted with oxygen absorbent elements in every packed bottle for uncompromised supplement medicine quality.

    Ingredients:

    Herbs: 500mg

    Black Pepper Extract: 1.67 mg

    Gelatin, triglycerides, vitamin E, Oxindole Alkaloids, Bioperine, Uncaria Tomentosa

    And Rosemary oil.

    Warnings and Contraindications: Not to be taken by nursing mothers or pregnant women.

    Not recommended for patients with existing medical conditions or prescribed medication.

    Consult with your doctor before consuming the supplements.

    Cats claw has numerous therapeutic uses that surpass other known herbal medicines such as Echinacea, and Golden Seal. Cat’s claw also detoxifies the intestinal tract system and cures stomach and bowel infections.

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    Source by Gladys W Kimani

    Views: 0

  • An Insight Into the Different Sectors of the Healthcare Industry

    An Insight Into the Different Sectors of the Healthcare Industry

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    Health has always been one of the major factors determining the growth magnitudes of the economy of any country. The margin between a developing and a developed country is often drawn based on the progress in the fields of healthcare. A strong healthcare sector refers to a lower death rate and a higher level of life expectancy, which largely influences the growth and development of any economy. Hence, it is critical that a country takes good care of its healthcare sector to cater to its populace in an effective manner and to contribute to the country’s growth index in a positive way.

    As far as India is concerned, it has one of the largest and most diverse population frame comprising of individuals belonging to different social and economic conditions. To cater to the multiple needs arising out of the diverse living conditions in India, we have a healthcare sector that upholds a bunch of services ensuring good health and effective prevention. Though if we segregate the sector based on its functioning, you will find a lot of distinct sectors attached to the main industry. However, if we take a brief insight into the broad categories that serve as the backbone to the industry, we would have four major domains as described in the article below.

    Hospital Services and Facilities

    Hospitals are the primary lifeline of the health sector and the core of the health industry. Comprising of general medical hospitals, surgical hospitals, substance abuse and psychiatric hospitals, specialty hospitals, hospices and palliative care centers, family planning and abortion clinics, emergency and other outpatient care centers, dental laboratories, blood and organ banks, sleep disorder clinics, and more, hospitals form a long chain that binds the entire landscape together in terms of serving health to the people. There are residential and nursing care facilities available as well. Nursing, supervisory, residential care are some of the services that are available through this vertical. The other facilities extended through the hospital services are Urgent Care Centers, In-Home Senior Care, Mental Health and Residential Developmental Handicap Facilities, Community Care for the elderly, and so on. Besides, since it is critical that patients receive ambulance services in time, there are direct and indirect services available for ambulatory patients as well. The outpatient care centers, diagnostic centers, hospitals, and some private players in the field also provide this facility to guarantee uninterrupted health service.

    Healthcare Equipment and Diagnostic Tools

    The present-day advancement in science and technology has rendered the healthcare industry with some of the most innovative and effective equipment and processes to diagnose and treat the ailments as critical as cellular malignancy. There are multiple companies who cater to the rising demand of this equipment. In-Vitro diagnostic substances, ophthalmic goods, surgical appliances and supplies, Mammography Machine, Robotic Surgery Equipment, Venous Access Device, and Glucose Meter are some of the examples that help the healthcare professionals in treating and detecting the diseases in a streamlined manner. To manufacture and supply these, there is a huge industry involved that ensures smooth operations and timely delivery of the equipment and tools.

    Medical/Health Insurance

    Apart from the direct health care industry, there are services attached to it that render value to its being. Medical insurance and other organizations that back up the entire process of operations for the healthcare industry have a major impact on the existence and growth of this industry. With active participation and spontaneous service, medical insurance has become primary support for the majority of the treatments that involve considerable expenses. With facilities like TPA and cashless treatments, the patients can now enjoy a hassle-free treatment at best-facilitated hospitals.

    Pharmaceuticals Sector

    The pharmaceutical industry manufactures, markets, and innovates licensed drugs that are effective and integral for better healthcare facilities. This is a huge sector employing a large percentage of population to cater to the market requirements. From drug wholesalers to over the counter stores, the pharmaceutical industry is a major player in this domain. With the rise in the health consciousness in the general public, nutritional supplements have also taken a major share of the healthcare industry, which are again the products of the pharmaceutical sector only.

    As the days have walked into modern times, the increasing level of dependency on technology along with the rising pollution levels have worked to make the diseases even more complicated and varied. Hence, it is imperative that there exists an equally strong healthcare sector guiding the mass to cure. With government interventions and private sector initiatives, the number of hospitals has increased over the years catering to a larger crowd. The other sectors like pharma, insurance, and medical equipment have also grown in parallel to support this emerging sector in every possible way. Covering a large landscape encompassing villages as well as the urban corners of the country, the healthcare sector promises high to keep up with the upcoming challenges and demands of the time.

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    Source by Alok Mishra

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  • The Psychotherapy for Drug Addicts

    The Psychotherapy for Drug Addicts

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    The field of research and psychoanalysis and the behavioral modification is considered one of the most important methods of treatment of drug addiction, in addition to the other two elements 1- the medical element, 2- social element, and it is known that there are multiple methods of The psychotherapy for various types of addiction.

    It is a basic principle in this field that the treatment that suits a patient and leads to the improvement of his condition may not be suitable for another patient suffering from the same illness, that means that the therapist can choose between several therapeutic alternatives to suit the patient, and it increases the chance of the treatment, more importantly, more treatment methods are being invented in the present time, which will raise more hopes for the foreseeable future. One of the most famous psychological treatments in this field is the group of behavioral treatments for addiction and it is considered among the main applications of modern psychological science in the field of the psychological disorders.

    It is based on the essentials that indicate that all forms of behavior (including drug abuse and addiction) of the individual are acquired and grow under certain living conditions (psychosocial and social) and thus ratified by the laws of the acquisition of the habits and its growth, all the differences must be taken into account in the categories of the different habits in terms of levels of support and installation available to them.

    Since the practices of the drugs abuse when taking over the abuser and it managed to lead to dependence or addiction, it means that it has reached the formation of the habits, meaning that the treatment (any attempt to get rid of the set of habits that serve the continuation of the drug abuse) will not be easy, However, it will not be impossible. It requires a high degree of cooperation between the addicts and the therapist with some remedial measures, in addition to perseverance to receive this procedure for a several months, followed by another period of follow-up and integrity.

    One of the method psychotherapy is Boudin HM `s method and it is based on three main elements:

    1. To train the addict to self-observation;

    2. To train the addict on self-assessment;

    3. Then programming behavior modification based on the data reached from the previous two items.

    Training on self-observation is considered one of the most important methods used in modern psychotherapy (ie, self-observation and monitoring). There are three functions under these treatments as follows:

    1. Monitoring specific types of behaviors of the individual related to the subject of the required treatment, before therapeutic intervention;

    2. Monitoring these types of behavior at intervals during and after the therapeutic intervention to assess the impact of this intervention.

    3. Sometimes it is used to facilitate the desired changes, and there are multiple ways to perform this self-observation and conduct the monitoring resulting in the methods taught by the therapist to the addict.

    The objective of training the addict on this self-observation is to achieve the capture and monitoring of the "functional patterns" that reveal his or her addictive behavior.

    The functional pattern in this case is the sequence that begins with the occurrence of an event or chain of events that will raise the motivation to use the drug, Then the act of abuse itself, and thereafter the feelings and behavioral events that support the behavior of the addict.

    In other words, the functional pattern is the set of behavioral precedents that precede the occurrence of the act of abuse, then the act of abuse itself, and then the act of the direct drug abuse.

    The therapist evaluates these patterns in terms of the appropriate ways of modifying or changing the behavior according to the case that he is handling, in order to choose these methods that he deems appropriate and avoids their masculinity. If the patient showed a relative improvement, and then to a new stage in which he teaches him how to evaluate his functional patterns, as he teaches him a ways of changing his behavior.

    One point remains to indicate that the therapist does not end up treating the case except by assessing the effect of the treatment on the basis of four important elements: the level of performance of the addict in his work, the level of his personal and social dealings and the number of times he may be involved during (and despite) the therapeutic program and, finally, the number of times it conflicted with the law throughout the treatment period.

    The implementation of this program takes a few months, and can be applied to the addicts who are held in sanatoriums, and can be applied on the basis of the outpatient clinic system, which is considered to be flexible and thus maximizing its benefits.

    It is worth noting that this therapeutic system has already experienced a number of heroin addicts who have been sentenced to obligatory treatment, and their results have been highly efficient. However, there are many other behavioral treatments, and some therapists prefer to do some of these treatments combined with CBMTS at the same time. The field here allows for many scientific differences that ultimately aim at more efficient treatment service.

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    Source by Mohamed Al Marzooqi

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  • Your Lifestyle And Hypertension (Part 2)

    Your Lifestyle And Hypertension (Part 2)

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    Let’s go a little quantitative and slightly medical for a while. When you visit your doctor or any legally recognized health practitioner, taking your blood pressure is one of the basic examinations to be performed. And afterwards, they usually scribble some jargons on a piece of paper and probably prescribe to you some drugs thereafter, with cacographic handwritings. Blood pressures are measured with the use of a Sphygmomanometer tied around your upper arm as a cuff, and the values are documented as a fraction of your highest blood pressure (systolic) to your lowest blood pressure (diastolic). Normal values are of the ranges 100-140mmHg for the systolic and 60-90mmHg for the diastolic.

    Secondary hypertension usually results from an identifiable cause. It is a case of “if Jericho refuses to challenge Israel, Israel must pull down Jericho!” either way, everybody must know that Israel wins. This means that primary hypertension can later become Secondary hypertension or Secondary hypertension can usually occur on its own due to identifiable causes such as Kidney failure, Hyperthryroidism or Coarctation of the Aorta and so many others. Either way, one’s body organs begin to fail. Jericho’s wall starts to fall!

    Two new concepts suddenly emerge at this point. The one is called Hypertensive urgencies and the other is known as hypertensive emergencies. Both involve a sustained high blood pressure above normal (about 180/110 mmHg), however the latter usually occurs with an evidence of target organ damage. What are these target organs? They include the eyes, the Kidneys, Brain, Lungs and Heart. Imagine a blind bedridden human with paralysis, bad kidneys and yet has a heart attack. A good example of the living dead. Many patients are usually noncompliant when the doctor says, “Sir, we would need to admit you immediately”. This statement is often made when the kidneys have written resignation letter to the association of body parts and both eyes have decided to get a divorce.

    Is Hypertension Age Dependent?

    While hypertension is commonly a condition in adults and much worse in the elderly, children oftentimes are diagnosed of hypertension but this is very rare: like finding one bad egg in a warehouse of shipped crates. Children affected often fail to thrive or develop as should be, frequently have nose bleeding, easily fatigued, often breathless, blurred vision, irritability seizures and sometimes facial paralysis. If found in children, it usually is a pointer to a problem with their kidneys.

    I’m Pregnant, What about me?

    Hypertension would usually occur in 8-10% of global pregnancies, and is said to be in pregnancy if there is sustained elevation of blood pressure after 2 checkups within a 6-hour period in between checkup’s. It could be a preexisting hypertension which must have been present before conception. It could also be gestational due to pregnancy and may then progress to what we call Preeclampsia which is characterized by increased protein in the urine in addition to the raised blood pressure. Preeclampsia is present in 5% of pregnancies. However, preecmplamsia can further progress to becoming Eclampsia, which is a very fatal gestational hypertensive emergency. It is capable of claiming the lives of both mother and unborn child. Pregnant women should have regular antenatal checkups and have their blood pressures closely monitored and controlled when necessary.

    Even drugs are Culprits.

    All substances are potential poisons, the dosage would tell. There are many other factors aside from drug dosage that can cause adverse drug effects. Drugs such as NSAIDS(pain killers), Oral contraceptives like morning after pill, drugs that increase your heart rate, drugs that retain fluid in your blood vessels(Antidiuretics) and various Steroids can cause Secondary hypertension.

    What do I do now?

    Hypertension is not the end of life. Visit your doctor and listen to whatever treatment modalities he or she gives you. Be compliant. This is a serious one. Poorly managed hypertension is as good as no treatment at all. Appropriate lifestyle modifications are essential here: exercise regularly, reduce salt intake, avoid much stress, Smoking and Alcohol intake should be a no no, or at least reduced to nonlethal amounts. You may also want to quit these 2 habits meet with your doctor for advice. Eat well and Sleep well. DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) diet is encouraged here. Your meals should generally contain low fat dairy foods, enough vegetables and whole grains, fruits are also essential with limited sugar-sweetened foods and beverages.

    Hypertension is another hidden menace in our evolving society. Let’s all join hands and fight it off together. Health is no doubt Wealth.

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    Source by Nelson U Udeme

    Views: 0