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Tag: choices

  • Searching for an Accounting Job

    Accounting graduates, have broader choices and specific paths to follow with their careers. Accounting requires a lot of skills when it comes to business and that is why every company has an employee that is an accounting graduate. If you are an accounting graduate, you can apply in any kind of firm. Areas may include tax, audit, financial analysis and management accounting.

    It is best that you apply for a job that matches your interests and expertise. There are careers that have been proven by most accounting graduates to bring them to the top of the success ladder and you may want to consider entering these fields.

    If you are an accounting graduate who excel in public accounting, the entry-level positions that best fit this skill are Tax Staff, Consulting/ Management Services and Staff Auditor. With these positions you will do your duties reporting to a senior. Once you have acquired three to six years of experience in any of these positions, you may then want to consider applying for the higher levels like Tax Senior, Senior Auditor, and Consulting Senior where the position entails reporting directly to a Manager. After six years of excelling with these potions, then you may consider the positions Partner level and Senior Partner.

    Having an edge with corporate accounting, one to three years of experience will qualify you to become a staff member in Internal Audit, Tax Accounting, Management, and Financial Accounting. Moving up the higher lever after three to six years, you will be eligible for the Senior Level for Internal Audit, Tax Accounting and Management Accounting. Six years thereafter, you may want to consider aiming for the positions like the Tax Manager, Internal Audit Manager and Financial Accounting Manager.

    Expertise in Financial Management, Staff for Financial Planning, Cash Management, and Credit Analysis are options for entry-level positions. Once you have gained the enough experience, you may aim for the Treasury Operations, Credit Analysis and Senior Financial Planning. Higher positions will include Treasurer, Manager for Credit Analysis and Financial Planning.

    These career options are traditional paths that were found to fit best for accounting graduates.  However, it does not mean that they are the only way to climb up the success ladder. You should go beyond not just limit your skills to accounting. It is still recommended that you gain enough work experience, acquire knowledge in different aspects of education, and continue to improve your character to be a step ahead with other job seekers.

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  • What matters to women in the postnatal period?

    What matters to women in the postnatal period?

    The right to a positive maternity healthcare experience at every stage 

    Each pregnancy is unique and clinical needs can change across the pregnancy, childbirth and postnatal periods. One thing that never changes is the right to a positive experience at every stage. 

    Achieving the best possible physical, emotional, and psychological outcomes for every individual and newborn requires health systems to take a human rights-based approach: not only preventing maternal death and morbidity, but prioritising person-centred
    care and well-being.

    WHO is developing new guidelines for a positive experience of postnatal care, due to be published next year. To inform these guidelines and ensure that postnatal services can better meet the needs of women and their babies, WHO undertook a qualitative
    systematic review on what matters to women in the postnatal period.

    Joys and challenges in the postnatal period

    There is limited research about values and preferences in the postnatal period, defined by WHO as the first six weeks after childbirth. Studies have often focused on the results of specific postnatal interventions, rather than on the individuals who use
    them. 

    ‘What matters to women in the postnatal period: A meta-synthesis of qualitative studies,’ published in PLOS ONE, gives long-overdue respect to the authority of women’s own experiences. The authors review first-hand data from 15 countries
    and 36 studies published after the year 2000 relating to women’s beliefs, expectations and values at this significant time of life.  

    These studies affirm that a positive postnatal experience can result in joy, self-confidence and enhanced capacity to thrive as both a person and a parent.

    They are also vocal about the potential challenges of adjusting to a ‘new normal’ following childbirth, including changes in self-identity, relationships, and sexual behaviour.

    What is a positive postnatal experience? 

    A positive postnatal experience for a woman will be one that responds to her specific context and preferences. 

    It will provide the confidence, knowledge and skills women need in the weeks following childbirth, supporting them to adjust to any changes in their intimate relationships and build new family ones. Women will be better equipped to navigate physical and
    emotional challenges and to experience the dynamic achievement of personal growth. 

    This should be a shared responsibility, not a solitary one. Community has a critical role in enabling a positive postnatal experience, including partners, family and elders.

    It is crucial that healthcare providers meet each woman’s needs, as well as those of their babies. 

    Supporting choices and rights to improve postnatal health outcomes

    There are an estimated 303 000 maternal deaths annually, according to recent WHO figures. Most of these deaths occur postnatally. 

    The postnatal period is therefore a vital opportunity to improve both maternal and neonatal health and wellbeing: supporting healthy behaviors, providing life-skills education, facilitating breastfeeding, counselling women about family planning options,
    supporting good mental health, preventing and treating childbirth-related complications. 

    Health care systems that empower individuals by supporting their values, preferences and rights are fundamental to improving maternal and newborn health outcomes. 

    WHO’s guidance for positive maternity care

    WHO has recently released recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience, and on intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience.

    These publications made important clinical updates, including an increase from four to eight recommended antenatal contacts, and a revision to the decision-making process for interventions to accelerate labour. 

    They also uphold every woman’s right to a positive maternity care experience: one where her pregnancy does not erase her competency, autonomy and right to participate in decision-making for her own care and the care of her newborn. 

    Women’s choices and rights to sexual and reproductive health care, including maternity care, should be respected at every stage of the continuum of maternal and newborn care. This is true across all income settings, as well as in humanitarian settings
    and during public health emergencies.

    When WHO’s postnatal guidelines are released next year, they will complete the maternity care series built around what matters to women.

    Rather than dividing care into three periods of antenatal, intrapartum and postnatal, these publications can be used to establish a model in which health systems support women, their baby and wider network physically, psychologically, socially and emotionally
    through this significant life event. 

    Other resources

     

    What matters to women in the postnatal period?
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    https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/22-04-2020-what-matters-to-women-in-the-postnatal-period

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  • WHO and UNICEF to partner on pandemic response through COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund

    WHO and UNICEF as we speak introduced an settlement to work collectively on COVID-19 response, through the historic COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund powered by the United Nations Foundation and Swiss Philanthropy Foundation.  

    The COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund has been arrange to facilitate an unprecedented world response by supporting the WHO Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan. As a part of the settlement, an preliminary portion of the cash from
    the Fund – which presently stands at greater than $127 million – will circulate to UNICEF for its work with susceptible kids and communities everywhere in the world.

    “COVID-19 is an unprecedented pandemic requiring extraordinary global solidarity to urgently respond,” stated Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General. “I’m happy that UNICEF joined the Solidarity
    Response Fund. With their in depth expertise each in fundraising and in implementing programmes, this partnership will assist us to work collectively carefully to save lives.”

    The cash collected through the fund can be used, amongst others, to practice and equip communities and health-care staff to forestall, detect and deal with COVID-19. It will assist international locations broaden their health-care capability and mitigate its social impression, particularly
    on girls, kids and susceptible social teams. And it should speed up analysis and improvement of therapies and preventive vaccines.

    As a key partner on this joined-up effort, UNICEF will lead emergency efforts to guarantee households and communities in probably the most susceptible international locations are totally engaged within the response and have entry to water, sanitation and hygiene and different an infection prevention
    and management measures. UNICEF may even guarantee kids, caretakers, and frontline responders corresponding to social staff, academics and healthcare staff are supported through evidence-based steering through its huge group outreach and nation
    packages.

    “This is an extraordinary emergency that demands an extraordinary response, and we need all-hands on deck—individuals, corporations, foundations, governments and other organizations around the world,” stated UNICEF Executive Director Henrietta
    Fore. “UNICEF is happy to be a part of the Solidarity Response Fund. It will bolster our efforts to strengthen well being and sanitation techniques and assist shield probably the most susceptible households from knock-on impacts of COVID-19 on already overstretched well being
    techniques.”

    Funds raised can be spent in alignment with the worldwide response plan, and the place wants are biggest. At the path of WHO management, it’s anticipated that sources will go immediately towards:

    • WHO, for its work to monitor the unfold of the virus, assess gaps and wants, equip frontline well being staff with private protecting gear, guarantee lab and testing instruments can be found in international locations around the globe, and maintain communities
      and frontline responders knowledgeable with the most recent technical steering.
    • UNICEF, to guarantee kids and households around the globe are outfitted with all of the evidence-based data and newest WHO steering in addition to domestically related data to shield themselves from the unfold of COVID-19; to assist
      susceptible international locations by offering entry to water, sanitation and hygiene, and primary an infection prevention and management measures; and to present entry to look after susceptible households and kids.
    • CEPI, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, a key partner main the financing for analysis and improvement for novel vaccines to fight COVID-19, working carefully with WHO.

    The COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund was arrange at WHO’s request by the UN Foundation and Swiss Philanthropy Foundation and launched three weeks in the past. It is the one manner for people and organizations to contribute immediately to WHO’s
    world efforts to deal with the pandemic. To date the fund has $127 million raised or dedicated from greater than 219,000 people from everywhere in the world plus greater than 90 world corporations and organizations. The partnership can be an amazing
    demonstration of solidarity throughout UN organizations in coordinating, partnering and supporting one another in coping with the instant and longer-term impression of the pandemic. 

    “There has never been a more urgent need for global cooperation,” stated Elizabeth Cousens, President & CEO of the UN Foundation. “The COVID-19 pandemic reveals us that all of us can play a component to cease the unfold. The unimaginable
    generosity proven to the COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund from around the globe will assist WHO, UNICEF, CEPI and companions speed up their lifesaving work, particularly to assist probably the most susceptible communities and velocity the event of a
    vaccine.”

    ###

    Notes to editors

    About UNICEF

    UNICEF works in a few of the world’s hardest locations, to attain the world’s most deprived kids. Across greater than 190 international locations and territories, we work for each little one, in every single place, to construct a greater world for everybody.

    About WHO

    WHO is the United Nations’ specialised company for well being. It is an inter-governmental group and works in collaboration with its Member States often through the Ministries of Health. The World Health
    Organization is accountable for offering management on world well being issues, shaping the well being analysis agenda, setting norms and requirements, articulating evidence-based coverage choices, offering technical assist to international locations and monitoring
    and assessing well being tendencies. Learn extra at www.who.int.

    About the United Nations Foundation

    The UN Foundation brings collectively concepts, folks, and sources to assist the United Nations drive world progress and deal with pressing issues. Our hallmark is to collaborate for lasting change and innovate to handle humanity’s biggest challenges.
    Learn extra at www.unfoundation.org.

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    https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/03-04-2020-who-and-unicef-to-partner-on-pandemic-response-through-covid-19-solidarity-response-fund

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  • WHO releases guidelines to help countries maintain essential health services during the COVID-19 pandemic

    WHO releases guidelines to help countries maintain essential health services during the COVID-19 pandemic

    The COVID-19 pandemic is straining health systems worldwide. The rapidly increasing demand on health facilities and health care workers threatens to leave some health systems overstretched and unable to operate effectively.

    Previous outbreaks have demonstrated that when health systems are overwhelmed, mortality from vaccine-preventable and other treatable conditions can also increase dramatically. During the 2014-2015 Ebola outbreak, the increased number of deaths caused
    by measles, malaria, HIV/AIDS, and tuberculosis attributable to health system failures exceeded deaths from Ebola
    [1,2]. 

    “The best defense against any outbreak is a
    strong health system,” stressed WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.
    “COVID-19 is revealing how fragile many of the world’s health systems and
    services are, forcing countries to make difficult choices on how to best meet
    the needs of their people.”

    To help countries navigate through these challenges, the World Health Organization (WHO) has updated operational planning guidelines in balancing the demands of responding directly to COVID-19 while maintaining essential health service delivery, and mitigating
    the risk of system collapse. This includes a set of targeted immediate actions that countries should consider at national, regional, and local level to reorganize and maintain access to high-quality essential health services for all.

    Countries should identify essential services that will be prioritized in their efforts to maintain continuity of service delivery and make strategic shifts to ensure that increasingly limited resources provide maximum benefit for the population. They
    also need to comply with the highest standard in precautions, especially in hygiene practices, and the provision of adequate supplies including personal protective equipment This requires robust planning and coordinated actions between governments
    and health facilities and their managers.

    Some examples of essential services include: routine vaccination; reproductive health services including care during pregnancy and childbirth; care of young infants and older adults; management of mental health conditions as well as noncommunicable diseases
    and infectious diseases like HIV, malaria and TB; critical inpatient therapies; management of emergency health conditions; auxiliary services like basic diagnostic imaging, laboratory services, and blood bank services, among others.

    Well-organized and prepared health systems can continue to provide equitable access to essential service delivery throughout an emergency, limiting direct mortality and avoiding increased indirect mortality. 
     

    The guidelines stress the importance of keeping up-to-date information. This requires frequent transparent communications with the public, and strong community engagements so the public   can maintain trust in the system to safely meet their
    essential needs and to control infection risk in health facilities. This will help ensure that people continue to seek care when appropriate, and adhere to public health advice.

    1. Elston, J. W. T., Cartwright, C., Ndumbi, P., & Wright, J. (2017). The health impact of the 2014–15 Ebola outbreak. Public Health, 143, 60-70.

    2. Parpia, A. S., Ndeffo-Mbah, M. L., Wenzel, N. S., & Galvani, A. P. (2016). Effects of response to 2014–2015 Ebola outbreak on deaths from malaria, HIV/AIDS, and tuberculosis, West Africa. Emerging infectious diseases, 22(3), 433.

     

    For interviews please contact:  Tarik Jasarevic

    To access the full guidance please visit: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/maintaining-essential-health-services-and-systems

    For further information and guidance on COVID-19 please visit: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019

     

     

    WHO releases guidelines to help countries maintain essential health services during the COVID-19 pandemic
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    https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/30-03-2020-who-releases-guidelines-to-help-countries-maintain-essential-health-services-during-the-covid-19-pandemic

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  • A new way to narrow ETF choices: Vanguard Select ETFs

    A new way to narrow ETF choices: Vanguard Select ETFs

    Too many ETF choices? Not when you choose from Vanguard Select ETFs, a carefully assembled list that can help you create a well-diversified portfolio.
    A new way to narrow ETF choices: Vanguard Select ETFs
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    https://investornews.vanguard/a-new-way-to-narrow-etf-choices-vanguard-select-etfs/

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  • Perlis Regent tells people to abide by MCO

    Perlis Regent tells people to abide by MCO

    Perlis Regent tells people to abide by MCO 1

    KANGAR: Raja Muda of Perlis Tuanku Faizuddin Putra Jamalullail (pix) has decreed that the people in Perlis strictly abide by the movement control order (MCO) because a failure to do so may cause the order to be further extended.

    “We should only leave our homes with valid reasons,“ he said in reference to the MCO which was adopted to help the country reduce the spread of the Covid-19 virus.

    In a statement, Tuanku Faizuddin said the people should unhesitatingly adhere to the MCO until it expires.

    “We need to be responsible and committed with a first-class mentality in our actions to stick by the government’s directive.”

    The Regent urged his subjects not to be stubborn or lackadaisical because it will impact society, the state and country in a negative light.

    “We do not want the MCO to be extended in view that the cases may rise even more.”

    His royal message was aired by the state religious affairs council here on Saturday.

    Perlis has recorded nine Covid-19 cases so far.

    Tuanku Faizuddin, who is the president of the state religious affairs council, said that people should only exit their houses if they need to purchase food, groceries, and for healthcare needs.

    They should not leave the state unless they possess valid reasons.

    Tuanku Faizuddin noted with dismay that after three days of enforcing the MCO, there are still a number of people who are disobeying the directive, thus forcing the army to be called in.

    “I hope everyone understands the need to strictly abide by the order so we can reduce the pandemic impact as soon as possible. But if we stray, we are only inviting a possible curfew to be implemented. We still have choices.”

    Meanwhile, the council’s chief executive officer Mohd Nazim Mohd Noor said that all mosque and surau activities have been deferred until the MCO is lifted.

    Perlis Regent tells people to abide by MCO
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    https://www.thesundaily.my/local/perlis-regent-tells-people-to-abide-by-mco-YA2165616

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  • Covid-19: The science of uncertainty can help us make better choices

    Covid-19: The science of uncertainty can help us make better choices

    As the coronavirus outbreak continues, why do some people stockpile and others shrug? The psychology of uncertainty explains what’s going on, says Rachel McCloy
    Covid-19: The science of uncertainty can help us make better choices
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    https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24532732-500-covid-19-the-science-of-uncertainty-can-help-us-make-better-choices/?utm_campaign=RSS%7CNSNS&utm_source=NSNS&utm_medium=RSS&utm_content=home

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  • Get global diversification with international ETFs

    Get global diversification with international ETFs

    When you invest some of your money in international stock and bond ETFs, you get access to a universe of investment choices and help spread out your risk.
    Get global diversification with international ETFs
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    https://investornews.vanguard/get-global-diversification-with-international-etfs/

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  • The unmet need for social context in family planning

    The unmet need for social context in family planning

    New evidence on the relationship between sexual health and social context finds a strong association between gender equality, education and family planning

    Twenty-five years ago, two global events – the International Conference on Population and Development and the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing – formally recognized that women’s health and reproductive choices cannot be separated from the social context of their lives.

    Now, researchers have created a dataset which brings together national surveys from 74 countries, representing 3 million women. For the first time, it allows them to describe trends in demand/use of modern contraceptives alongside social and economic indicators.

    The data is published in The Lancet Global Health and is authored by the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and the World Health Organization.

    It shows that, over time, women are more likely to have their demand for modern contraception met in countries where gender equality and their educational opportunities improve.

    Gender equality and education increases access to modern contraception

    Trends in sexual activity and demand for use and use of modern contraceptive methods in 74 countries: a retrospective analysis of nationally representative surveys finds that met need for modern contraception is strongly correlated with positive shifts in social structures.
    For every 0.1-point increase in a country’s gender development index, it found a 6.7% rise in women who were sexually active and did not want to conceive. Of those women, an additional 13.5% used modern methods to prevent a pregnancy.

    Expectations of every girl’s right to education also made a difference. Each extra year in schooling is linked to an increase of 2.3% in demand, and a 4.7% increase in use of modern contraceptive methods.

    “This study shows how every woman must negotiate her reproductive autonomy within the social framework in which she lives, responding to barriers and opportunities as they emerge,” says Dr Lale Say, one of the authors of the study and Unit Head at WHO and HRP.

    “Gender equality is both a precondition and a driving force for securing women’s reproductive health and rights – as well as the sustainable development targets, which are our best chance for delivering health and well-being for all.”

    Global trends reveal new challenges in family planning

    Overall, the data reinforce global trends: more time spent sexually-active and single, postponement of parenthood, and the near-universal desire for smaller families.

    The study also highlights where action is needed at country-level to avoid family planning services falling behind demand.

    Out of the 74 countries analyzed, 42 showed an increase in demand for contraception. Only 37 countries show an increase in use of a modern method to prevent pregnancy.

    Although unmet need for contraception declined in 34 countries, it increased in 14 countries. Significantly more progress is needed, and faster, to ensure each girl and woman is able to access the sexual and reproductive health services she needs.

    Barriers and solutions to reproductive health and rights

    Gender equality can affect contraceptive use in many ways. From the personal and political degree to which women are free to choose their sexual activity, to accessing family planning services it can also shape any power imbalances within personal relationships. This study supports recent efforts by WHO to adopt a broader, integrated concept of sexual and reproductive health – and to translate it into a framework for policy and practice.

    The authors argue that family planning targets in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development will not be met without a profound shift: from focus on ‘access to contraception’, to broader aspects of sexual health and social context.

    Since reproductive health and women’s empowerment are intertwined, trends in contraceptive use can also reveal progress towards another global target: progress towards gender equality.

     

    The unmet need for social context in family planning
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    https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/10-03-2020-the-unmet-need-for-social-context-in-family-planning

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  • Pregnancy and breastfeeding during an Ebola virus outbreak

    Pregnancy and breastfeeding during an Ebola virus outbreak

    Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding in an Ebola outbreak face similar challenges as other population groups, but they have specific health needs which must be met.

    As the second largest Ebola outbreak in history continues in the Democratic Republic of Congo, WHO has released new clinical guidelines for healthcare providers supporting pregnant or breastfeeding women in the context of Ebola virus disease.

    Improving clinical care and reducing mortality

    92-4-000138-1Clear and coherent guidance is needed to meet the combined needs of women requiring Ebola treatment, pregnancy care and management of complications.

    Information on how to protect breastfeeding children and other members in the community from transmission of the disease is also critical.

    Limited scientific evidence on how to best manage these needs has previously been a challenge for affected countries. In addition, misconceptions that pregnant women have a higher mortality rate than other populations with Ebola may in some contexts have put pregnant women at risk of not receiving standard care.

    WHO’s Guideline on the management of pregnant and breastfeeding women in the context of Ebola virus reviews existing evidence and provides a single set of recommendations on the care continuum for women exposed to, diagnosed with, or recovered from Ebola.

    This will enable healthcare providers, emergency response teams and health policy-makers to improve prevention and treatment measures in an Ebola outbreak.

    Obstetric care at an Ebola Treatment Centre

    Optimal supportive care should be offered to all pregnant women with Ebola. Likewise, they should be offered experimental treatment and vaccination under the same conditions as non-pregnant populations.

    Ebola virus disease does increase the risk of miscarriage and early labour, requiring close clinical management at Ebola treatment centres. It is important to engage both obstetric providers and those trained in Ebola response.

    This dual expertise is also important because early Ebola and pregnancy-related symptoms can overlap. Pregnant women should be prioritised for testing to confirm an Ebola infection.

    Ebola virus can persist in pregnancy related fluids as well as breastmilk. If healthcare providers are not clear on how to manage Ebola infection risk, they may be less willing to provide care. This stigma can be life-threatening for women who experience complications during delivery.

    The new WHO guidelines advise healthcare workers on how to protect themselves while caring for pregnant women with Ebola virus disease. This includes induced labour or surgical procedures, which carry greater risk of transmission in cases of acute infection. Any invasive treatments should be carried out in full personal protective equipment.

    Breastfeeding recommendations in an Ebola outbreak

    WHO recommends that women with suspected or confirmed Ebola immediately stop breastfeeding and are prioritised for diagnostic testing. Any child exposed to Ebola through breast milk should be placed into safe care, closely monitored for symptoms over a 21-day period and fed with an appropriate breast milk substitute.  

    The guidelines strongly recommend that breastfeeding is only restarted following two consecutive negative tests of breast milk, separated by 24 hours.

    A breast milk substitute should be used even if infection is confirmed for both the mother and her child. Exceptions can be made for infants under 6 months of age who are already infected, if breast milk substitutes are not feasible, affordable, sustainable or safe and separation cannot be implemented safely.

    Women’s health and rights in a disease outbreak

    A disease outbreak does not change women’s and adolescent girls’ fundamental human right to sexual and reproductive healthcare, including evidence-based care during pregnancy and childbirth.

    Women need support to make informed reproductive health care choices for themselves and their children. Women living in an Ebola outbreak should have access to all relevant reproductive options, regardless of economic, cultural, racial or religious status, including contraception and safe abortion to the full extent of the law.

    Pregnant and breastfeeding women across affected communities need equitable and respectful care that considers the risks they face and supports the choices they make.

    Accessing the guidelines and further research

    These guidelines are now available online and may be freely downloaded. The executive summary will be available in French.

    WHO will closely monitor new data as it emerges, as there is still a pressing need to prioritise ongoing research related to Ebola virus transmission.

     

     

     

    Pregnancy and breastfeeding during an Ebola virus outbreak
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    https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/10-02-2020-pregnancy-and-breastfeeding-during-an-ebola-virus-outbreak

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